Processes for regenerating adsorbent in a nitrile removal zone. The regenerant comprises a stream of hot liquid that may comprise a portion of the oligomerized effluent or a portion of a hydrotreated effluent. A spent regenerant comprising the desorbed nitriles may be processed along with the oligomerized effluent with existing separation equipment.

The present invention refers to novel ruthenium-based catalysts for olefin metathesis reactions, particularly to fast initiating catalysts having stereoselective properties. In olefin metathesis reactions, the disclosed catalysts provide a high catalytic activity combined with the capability to generate higher yields of the olefin metathesis product.

The present invention refers to novel ruthenium-based catalysts for olefin metathesis reactions, particularly to fast initiating catalysts having stereoselective properties. In olefin metathesis reactions, the disclosed catalysts provide a high catalytic activity combined with the capability to generate higher yields of the olefin metathesis product.

A method for converting lower alkanes to higher liquid products, comprising reacting one or more C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 alkanes with a bifunctional catalyst comprising platinum (Pt) or palladium (Pd) and at least one other metal (M) to provide an alloy (Pt-M or Pd-M) containing at least 0.1 wt % of the platinum (Pt) or palladium (Pd), based on a total weight of the catalyst; a silica or alumina support; and an acidic zeolite, at a temperature of about 350 C. to 700 C. to provide a liquid product having a boiling point of 38 C. to 205 C.

A method for converting lower alkanes to higher liquid products, comprising reacting one or more C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 alkanes with a bifunctional catalyst comprising platinum (Pt) or palladium (Pd) and at least one other metal (M) to provide an alloy (Pt-M or Pd-M) containing at least 0.1 wt % of the platinum (Pt) or palladium (Pd), based on a total weight of the catalyst; a silica or alumina support; and an acidic zeolite, at a temperature of about 350 C. to 700 C. to provide a liquid product having a boiling point of 38 C. to 205 C.

An ethylene oligomerization system is useful for creating 1-butene from ethylene in the presence of an ethylene oligomerization catalyst. The ethylene oligomerization system includes an internal baffle single pass reactor, a separation system and an external motion driver. The external motion driver is operable to induce unsteadiness in the flow of the process fluid contained in the internal baffle single pass reactor by transferring motion into the process fluid. An ethylene oligomerization process is useful for creating a refined 1-butene product from ethylene using the ethylene oligomerization system.

Processes for producing jet-range hydrocarbons includes splitting a renewable olefin feedstock comprising C.sub.3 to C.sub.8 olefins into a plurality of streams and passing each stream to an oligomerization reactor containing a zeolite catalyst to produce an oligomerized effluent. The reactors may be arranged in series, such that an oligomerized effluent comprises a diluent for a downstream reactor. The net oligomerized effluent may be separated and a heavy olefin stream comprising C.sub.8+ olefins may be hydrogenated and separated to provide a distillate range hydrocarbon product.

Processes for producing jet-range hydrocarbons includes splitting a renewable olefin feedstock comprising C.sub.3 to C.sub.8 olefins into a plurality of streams and passing each stream to an oligomerization reactor containing a zeolite catalyst to produce an oligomerized effluent. The reactors may be arranged in series, such that an oligomerized effluent comprises a diluent for a downstream reactor. The net oligomerized effluent may be separated and a heavy olefin stream comprising C.sub.8+ olefins may be hydrogenated and separated to provide a distillate range hydrocarbon product.

A process and apparatus uses a flash drum to separate light hydrocarbons from heavy oligomerate from an oligomerization zone. The heavy oligomerate can bypass a fractionation column in the oligomerate recovery section and be recycled to the oligomerization zone or other zones. Costs are saved by avoiding repeatedly transporting and processing the heavier recycled oligomerate.

A process and apparatus uses a flash drum to separate light hydrocarbons from heavy oligomerate from an oligomerization zone. The heavy oligomerate can bypass a fractionation column in the oligomerate recovery section and be recycled to the oligomerization zone or other zones. Costs are saved by avoiding repeatedly transporting and processing the heavier recycled oligomerate.