A process for preparing C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 hydrocarbons includes introducing a feed stream including hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor, and converting the feed stream into a product stream including C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a formed hybrid catalyst. The formed hybrid catalyst includes a metal oxide catalyst component including gallium oxide and zirconia, a microporous catalyst component that is a molecular sieve having 8-MR (Membered Ring) pore openings, and a binder including alumina, zirconia, or both.

A process for preparing C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 hydrocarbons includes introducing a feed stream including hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor, and converting the feed stream into a product stream including C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a formed hybrid catalyst. The formed hybrid catalyst includes a metal oxide catalyst component including gallium oxide and zirconia, a microporous catalyst component that is a molecular sieve having 8-MR (Membered Ring) pore openings, and a binder including alumina, zirconia, or both.

A process for preparing C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 hydrocarbons includes introducing a feed stream including hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor, and converting the feed stream into a product stream including C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a formed hybrid catalyst. The formed hybrid catalyst includes a metal oxide catalyst component including gallium oxide and zirconia, a microporous catalyst component that is a molecular sieve having 8-MR (Membered Ring) pore openings, and a binder including alumina, zirconia, or both.

A reactor includes: a heat exchange body including a heat medium channel through which the heat medium flows and a reaction channel through which the reaction fluid flows; at least one structured catalyst supporting a catalyst for promoting the reaction of the reaction fluid and removably installed in the reaction channel; and a holding member including an extending part extending in a direction conforming to an extending direction of the reaction channel and capable of engaging with the at least one structured catalyst, and regulating parts provided in the extending part to regulate a movement of the at least one structured catalyst in the extending direction of the extending part, wherein the holding member is inserted and removed with respect to the reaction channel while holding the structured catalyst.

A salt ion membrane may be paired with an absorption device to provide advantaged separation processes comprising: introducing a first aqueous salt stream and a mixed feed stream comprising at least one olefin and at least one paraffin to a salt ion membrane under conditions effective to form at least two phases; obtaining an olefin-rich permeate stream and an olefin-lean retentate stream from the salt ion membrane, in which the olefin-rich permeate stream and/or the olefin-lean retentate stream further comprises a salt ion membrane aqueous salt phase; introducing at least a portion of the olefin-lean retentate stream and a second aqueous salt stream to an absorption device under conditions effective to promote olefin extraction; obtaining an olefin-rich aqueous salt stream from the absorption device; and providing at least a portion of the olefin-rich aqueous salt stream as at least a portion of the first aqueous salt stream.

A salt ion membrane may be paired with an absorption device to provide advantaged separation processes comprising: introducing a first aqueous salt stream and a mixed feed stream comprising at least one olefin and at least one paraffin to a salt ion membrane under conditions effective to form at least two phases; obtaining an olefin-rich permeate stream and an olefin-lean retentate stream from the salt ion membrane, in which the olefin-rich permeate stream and/or the olefin-lean retentate stream further comprises a salt ion membrane aqueous salt phase; introducing at least a portion of the olefin-lean retentate stream and a second aqueous salt stream to an absorption device under conditions effective to promote olefin extraction; obtaining an olefin-rich aqueous salt stream from the absorption device; and providing at least a portion of the olefin-rich aqueous salt stream as at least a portion of the first aqueous salt stream.

The invention relates to a process for dehumidifying a moist gas mixture in which the moist gas mixtures are brought into contact with an absorbent comprising dialkylimidazolium salts and trialkyl phosphate. In addition, the invention also relates to an absorption heat pump comprising the absorbent according to the invention and to the absorbent according to the invention itself.

The present invention relates to a zirconium-based metal organic framework comprising at least a tetravalent zirconium ion (Zr.sup.4+) and a bidentate or tridentate linking ligand bonding the said tetravalent zirconium ion (Zr.sup.4+). Moreover, the present invention also relates to a method for preparing the zirconium-based metal organic framework comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a reaction mixture comprising a zirconium compound, a linking ligand and, optionally, a modulating agent in a solvent; (b) heating the reaction mixture obtained from step (a); and (c) washing a reaction product obtained from step (b) with the solvent and drying the reaction product. The zirconium-based metal organic framework according to the present invention is suitable for using in a process for removing heavy metals in the condensate, especially using in the adsorption, removal, or reduction of arsenic and mercury contents in the condensate.

The present invention relates to a zirconium-based metal organic framework comprising at least a tetravalent zirconium ion (Zr.sup.4+) and a bidentate or tridentate linking ligand bonding the said tetravalent zirconium ion (Zr.sup.4+). Moreover, the present invention also relates to a method for preparing the zirconium-based metal organic framework comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a reaction mixture comprising a zirconium compound, a linking ligand and, optionally, a modulating agent in a solvent; (b) heating the reaction mixture obtained from step (a); and (c) washing a reaction product obtained from step (b) with the solvent and drying the reaction product. The zirconium-based metal organic framework according to the present invention is suitable for using in a process for removing heavy metals in the condensate, especially using in the adsorption, removal, or reduction of arsenic and mercury contents in the condensate.

A new crystalline zinc (silico)aluminophosphate molecular sieve designated SSZ-90 is disclosed. SSZ-90 is isostructural with the DFO framework type and is synthesized using an ionic liquid as both the solvent and the structure directing agent. The ionic liquid [Q.sup.+A.sup.] comprises a cation (Q.sup.+) selected from the group consisting of 1,3-diisopropylimidazolium, 1,3-diisobutylimidazolium, and 1-isopropyl-3-isobutylimidazolium and an anion (A.sup.) which is not detrimental to the formation of the molecular sieve.