The invention involves condensation of various derivatives of cyclic alkene alcohols of Formula II or Formula III where, R.sup.1 is alkyl, aryl, alkyl aryl or heterocyclic carbamoyl. R.sup.2 is either R.sup.1 as mentioned earlier or an acyl group, —C(═O)—R.sup.3 where, R.sup.3 is selected from a group comprising (subst)C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl, (subst)aryl, alkyl aryl with olivetol to get (−)-trans-Δ.sup.9-tetrahydrocannabinol (also known as Dronabinol, Formula I). The process disclosed provides high purity of dronabinol at crude stage making it easy for purification.

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The invention involves condensation of various derivatives of cyclic alkene alcohols of Formula II or Formula III where, R.sup.1 is alkyl, aryl, alkyl aryl or heterocyclic carbamoyl. R.sup.2 is either R.sup.1 as mentioned earlier or an acyl group, —C(═O)—R.sup.3 where, R.sup.3 is selected from a group comprising (subst)C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl, (subst)aryl, alkyl aryl with olivetol to get (−)-trans-Δ.sup.9-tetrahydrocannabinol (also known as Dronabinol, Formula I). The process disclosed provides high purity of dronabinol at crude stage making it easy for purification.

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A process for producing glycols from a carbohydrate source using a catalyst system, and which process can be carried out continuously in a reactor, and in which process a catalyst material is recovered from the reactor effluent. The reactor effluent is subjected to separation to obtain some valuable glycols, and one or more of the bottom streams comprising heavy polyols and some catalyst material containing one or more tungsten compounds is subjected to burning, and the burner is part of a boiler that can generate steam. Such steam may be used in the separation of one or more of the desired compounds.

A process for producing glycols from a carbohydrate source using a catalyst system, and which process can be carried out continuously in a reactor, and in which process a catalyst material is recovered from the reactor effluent. The reactor effluent is subjected to separation to obtain some valuable glycols, and one or more of the bottom streams comprising heavy polyols and some catalyst material containing one or more tungsten compounds is subjected to burning, and the burner is part of a boiler that can generate steam. Such steam may be used in the separation of one or more of the desired compounds.

The present disclosure relates to a multi-sandwich composite catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The present disclosure provides a preparation method of a multi-sandwich composite catalyst, comprises the following steps: sequentially depositing a first layer oxide, a first active metal, an oxide interlayer, a second active metal and a surface oxide on a template, and sequentially performing calcination and reduction, thereby obtaining a multi-sandwich composite catalyst; wherein the first active metal and the second active metal are different kinds of active metals. In the present disclosure, a multi-sandwich structure is formed by depositing the oxides and active metals alternately, so that the position and spacing distance of the active centers can be precisely controlled. The multi-sandwich composite catalyst prepared by the method provided described herein has a higher conversion than that of a catalyst without an interlayer when used for the catalytic reaction.

The present invention relates to a method for producing an aldehyde by a hydroformylation reaction of reacting an olefin with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a Group 8 to 10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst, including the following steps (1) and (2): (1) a step of oxidizing by withdrawing a reaction solution having accumulated therein a high-boiling-point byproduct from a reaction zone and bringing the withdrawn reaction solution into contact with an oxygen-containing gas, and (2) a step of, after the step (1), mixing a poor solvent and hydrogen with the reaction solution, then crystallizing the Group 8 to 10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst by crystallization, and recovering the crystallized complex catalyst from the reaction solution.

This disclosure provides methods for the chemical modification of triglycerides that are highly enriched in specific fatty acids and subsequent use thereof for producing functionally versatile polymers.

Compositions and methods of use related to metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and/or nanoparticles are generally described. In some embodiments, methods and compositions for the catalytic upgrading of alcohols using MOFs and/or nanoparticles associated with MOFs are generally described. In some embodiments, a catalytic MOF composition is provided, wherein the MOF composition comprises a MOF compound and a plurality of metal catalytic compounds. In some embodiments, an alcohol may be exposed to the MOF composition and/or a plurality of nanoparticles associated with the MOF composition such that the alcohol is converted to a higher order alcohol. Advantageously, in some embodiments, the alcohol conversion occurs at a relatively high turnover frequency and/or with a relatively high selectivity as compared to traditional methods for converting alcohols.

Proposed is a process for producing methanol from synthesis gas by means of multi-stage, for example 2-stage, heterogeneously catalyzed methanol synthesis, wherein the methanol product formed in every synthesis stage is removed by condensation and the remaining residual gas is applied to the downstream synthesis stage or after removal of a purge stream recycled to the first synthesis stage as a recycle stream. According to the invention a substream is removed from the synthesis gas fresh gas and introduced into the second methanol synthesis reactor as a bypass stream.

Proposed is a process for producing methanol from synthesis gas by means of multi-stage, for example 2-stage, heterogeneously catalyzed methanol synthesis, wherein the methanol product formed in every synthesis stage is removed by condensation and the remaining residual gas is applied to the downstream synthesis stage or after removal of a purge stream recycled to the first synthesis stage as a recycle stream. According to the invention a substream is removed from the synthesis gas fresh gas and introduced into the second methanol synthesis reactor as a bypass stream.