A fluorene-containing compound having a formula (I) ##STR00001## where X and R are as defined in as defined in the specification.

The present invention provides an epoxy compound which is 2,2,7,7-tetraglycidyloxy-1,1-binaphthalene. Also, the present invention provides a method for producing [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol, the method including a step of bringing a crude product produced by dimerization reaction of naphthalene-2,7-diol or a naphthalene-2,7-diol derivative into contact with an aromatic solvent; a step of separating [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol dissolved in the aromatic solvent from insoluble substances; and a step of removing the solvent from a solution of [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol. The present invention also provides a method for producing an epoxy compound, the method including reacting [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol or [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol monohydrate with epihalohydrin.

The present invention provides an epoxy compound which is 2,2,7,7-tetraglycidyloxy-1,1-binaphthalene. Also, the present invention provides a method for producing [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol, the method including a step of bringing a crude product produced by dimerization reaction of naphthalene-2,7-diol or a naphthalene-2,7-diol derivative into contact with an aromatic solvent; a step of separating [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol dissolved in the aromatic solvent from insoluble substances; and a step of removing the solvent from a solution of [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol. The present invention also provides a method for producing an epoxy compound, the method including reacting [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol or [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol monohydrate with epihalohydrin.

The present invention provides an epoxy compound which is 2,2,7,7-tetraglycidyloxy-1,1-binaphthalene. Also, the present invention provides a method for producing [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol, the method including a step of bringing a crude product produced by dimerization reaction of naphthalene-2,7-diol or a naphthalene-2,7-diol derivative into contact with an aromatic solvent; a step of separating [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol dissolved in the aromatic solvent from insoluble substances; and a step of removing the solvent from a solution of [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol. The present invention also provides a method for producing an epoxy compound, the method including reacting [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol or [1,1-binaphthalene]-2,2,7,7-tetraol monohydrate with epihalohydrin.

A phenol alkylation catalyst exhibiting a desirable combination of activity, selectivity, and regenerability is prepared from a catalyst precursor that includes specific amounts of magnesium oxide, copper oxide or a copper oxide precursor, a hydrous magnesium aluminosilicate-containing binder, a pore-former, a lubricant, and water. Methods of forming and regenerating the catalyst, as well as a phenol alkylation method, are described.

A phenol alkylation catalyst exhibiting a desirable combination of activity, selectivity, and regenerability is prepared from a catalyst precursor that includes specific amounts of magnesium oxide, copper oxide or a copper oxide precursor, a hydrous magnesium aluminosilicate-containing binder, a pore-former, a lubricant, and water. Methods of forming and regenerating the catalyst, as well as a phenol alkylation method, are described.

A vinylbenzylated phenol compound represented by General Formula (1) below is provided. ##STR00001##
(In General Formula (1), Ar.sup.0 is a bifunctional phenol compound residue having one or more monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic nuclei, R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 may be the same or different and are each hydrogen or a methyl group, and p is an integer of 1 to 4.)

A phenylene ether oligomer is prepared by a process that includes partially converting 2,6-dimethylphenol to 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4,4-dihydroxybiphenyl and/or 3,3,5,5-tetramethyldiphenoquinone, converting the residual 2,6 dimethylphenol to poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) and any 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4,4-dihydroxybiphenyl to 3,3,5,5-tetramethyldiphenoquinone, and reacting the poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) and 3,3,5,5-tetramethyldiphenoquinone to form the phenylene ether oligomer. The preparation can be conducted without isolation of intermediates.

##STR00001## ##STR00002## ##STR00003##

A phenylene ether oligomer is prepared by a process that includes partially converting 2,6-dimethylphenol to 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4,4-dihydroxybiphenyl and/or 3,3,5,5-tetramethyldiphenoquinone, converting the residual 2,6 dimethylphenol to poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) and any 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4,4-dihydroxybiphenyl to 3,3,5,5-tetramethyldiphenoquinone, and reacting the poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) and 3,3,5,5-tetramethyldiphenoquinone to form the phenylene ether oligomer. The preparation can be conducted without isolation of intermediates.

##STR00001## ##STR00002## ##STR00003##

The present disclosure relates to the preparation of a cannabidiol compound or a derivative thereof. The cannabidiol compound or derivatives thereof can be prepared by an acid-catalyzed reaction of a suitably selected and substituted di-halo-olivetol or derivative thereof with a suitably selected and substituted cyclic alkene to produce a dihalo-cannabidiol compound or derivative thereof. The dihalo-cannabidiol compound or derivative thereof can be produced in high yield, high stereospecificity, or both. It can then be converted under reducing conditions to a cannabidiol compound or derivatives thereof.