Provided herein are pharmaceutically acceptable salts of 3,5-diaminopyrazoles, for example, pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula IA, that are useful for modulating regulated-in-COPD kinase activity, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Also provided herein are methods of their use for treating, preventing, or ameliorating one or more symptoms of a RC kinase-mediated disorder, disease, or condition. ##STR00001##

Methods, systems, compositions, and devices for the manufacturing of high-quality building blocks, such as polynucleotides, are described herein. Processes described herein provide for efficient washing of residual reagents, solvents, or byproducts from previous synthetic steps to allow for the generation of polynucleotides with low error rates. Processes described herein also provide for reduction in deletion rates during chemical nucleic acid synthesis. Further, methods and devices described herein allow for the rapid construction and assembly of large libraries of highly accurate polynucleotides.

Methods, systems, compositions, and devices for the manufacturing of high-quality building blocks, such as polynucleotides, are described herein. Processes described herein provide for efficient washing of residual reagents, solvents, or byproducts from previous synthetic steps to allow for the generation of polynucleotides with low error rates. Processes described herein also provide for reduction in deletion rates during chemical nucleic acid synthesis. Further, methods and devices described herein allow for the rapid construction and assembly of large libraries of highly accurate polynucleotides.

Methods, systems, compositions, and devices for the manufacturing of high-quality building blocks, such as polynucleotides, are described herein. Processes described herein provide for efficient washing of residual reagents, solvents, or byproducts from previous synthetic steps to allow for the generation of polynucleotides with low error rates. Processes described herein also provide for reduction in deletion rates during chemical nucleic acid synthesis. Further, methods and devices described herein allow for the rapid construction and assembly of large libraries of highly accurate polynucleotides.

A method of increasing delivery of irrigation water and optionally a fertilizer to a predetermined depth in soil containing agricultural crops is disclosed. The method includes introducing formic acid to irrigation water to form a formate-enhanced irrigation water having a formate concentration of from about 10 ppm to about 10,000 ppm, and distributing the formate-enhanced irrigation water to the soil in an amount sufficient to (i) increase a flow rate of the irrigation water through the soil, (ii) reduce a compaction of the soil, and/or (iii) reduce a calcium concentration in the soil. Methods of making a formate salt from carbon dioxide, a hydrogen source and an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonia source and generating carbon credits are also disclosed.

A method of increasing delivery of irrigation water and optionally a fertilizer to a predetermined depth in soil containing agricultural crops is disclosed. The method includes introducing formic acid to irrigation water to form a formate-enhanced irrigation water having a formate concentration of from about 10 ppm to about 10,000 ppm, and distributing the formate-enhanced irrigation water to the soil in an amount sufficient to (i) increase a flow rate of the irrigation water through the soil, (ii) reduce a compaction of the soil, and/or (iii) reduce a calcium concentration in the soil. Methods of making a formate salt from carbon dioxide, a hydrogen source and an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonia source and generating carbon credits are also disclosed.

A method of increasing delivery of irrigation water and optionally a fertilizer to a predetermined depth in soil containing agricultural crops is disclosed. The method includes introducing formic acid to irrigation water to form a formate-enhanced irrigation water having a formate concentration of from about 10 ppm to about 10,000 ppm, and distributing the formate-enhanced irrigation water to the soil in an amount sufficient to (i) increase a flow rate of the irrigation water through the soil, (ii) reduce a compaction of the soil, and/or (iii) reduce a calcium concentration in the soil. Methods of making a formate salt from carbon dioxide, a hydrogen source and an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonia source and generating carbon credits are also disclosed.

A method of increasing delivery of irrigation water and optionally a fertilizer to a predetermined depth in soil containing agricultural crops is disclosed. The method includes introducing formic acid to irrigation water to form a formate-enhanced irrigation water having a formate concentration of from about 10 ppm to about 10,000 ppm, and distributing the formate-enhanced irrigation water to the soil in an amount sufficient to (i) increase a flow rate of the irrigation water through the soil, (ii) reduce a compaction of the soil, and/or (iii) reduce a calcium concentration in the soil. Methods of making a formate salt from carbon dioxide, a hydrogen source and an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonia source and generating carbon credits are also disclosed.

The invention relates to a method for producing a formate, the method including a first step of reacting hydrogen with carbon dioxide, a hydrogen carbonate or a carbonate using a catalyst in the presence of a solvent to form a formate in the reaction liquid, wherein the reaction is a two-phase system in which an organic phase and an aqueous phase are present in a separated state in the solvent, and a base concentration in the reaction is 2.5 mol/L or more.

The invention relates to a method for producing a formate, the method including a first step of reacting hydrogen with carbon dioxide, a hydrogen carbonate or a carbonate using a catalyst in the presence of a solvent to form a formate in the reaction liquid, wherein the reaction is a two-phase system in which an organic phase and an aqueous phase are present in a separated state in the solvent, and a base concentration in the reaction is 2.5 mol/L or more.