A composition includes a perfluorinated propenylamine represented by the following general formula (1):

Each occurrence of R.sub.f1 and R.sub.f2 is: (i) independently a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1-8 carbon atoms and optionally comprises one or more catenated heteroatoms; or (ii) bonded together to form a ring structure having 4-8 carbon atoms and that optionally comprises one or more catenated heteroatoms.

At least 60 wt. % of the perfluorinated propenylamine is in the form of the E isomer, based on the total weight of the perfluorinated propenylamine in the composition.

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The present invention relates to the well drilling field in petroleum industry, in particular to a drilling fluid additive composition that contains a lubricant, an emulsifier, and a rheological modifier, wherein, the lubricant contains: graphite oxide and a biquaternary ammonium salt compound in which the cation part is represented by formula (1); the emulsifier is one or more of compounds represented by formula (I); the rheological modifier is a dimer acid-organic amine copolymer comprising structural units from dimer acid, structural units from alkylamine and structural units from arylamine. The present invention further provides an oil-based drilling fluid containing the composition and a use thereof. The oil-based drilling fluid containing the composition provided in the present invention obtains a lower lubrication coefficient, and favorable rheological property and thermostability, and is suitable for use in operation at a high temperature.

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The present invention relates to the well drilling field in petroleum industry, in particular to a drilling fluid additive composition that contains a lubricant, an emulsifier, and a rheological modifier, wherein, the lubricant contains: graphite oxide and a biquaternary ammonium salt compound in which the cation part is represented by formula (1); the emulsifier is one or more of compounds represented by formula (I); the rheological modifier is a dimer acid-organic amine copolymer comprising structural units from dimer acid, structural units from alkylamine and structural units from arylamine. The present invention further provides an oil-based drilling fluid containing the composition and a use thereof. The oil-based drilling fluid containing the composition provided in the present invention obtains a lower lubrication coefficient, and favorable rheological property and thermostability, and is suitable for use in operation at a high temperature.

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In one embodiment, the present application discloses a catalyst composition comprising: a) a reaction solvent or a reaction medium; b) organometallic nanoparticles comprising: i) a nanoparticle (NP) catalyst, prepared by a reduction of an iron salt in an organic solvent, wherein the catalyst comprises at least one other metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt, Au, Ni, Co, Cu, Mn, Rh, Ir, Ru and Os or mixtures thereof; c) a ligand; and d) a surfactant; wherein the metal or mixtures thereof is present in less than or equal to 50,000 ppm relative to the iron salt.

In one embodiment, the present application discloses a catalyst composition comprising: a) a reaction solvent or a reaction medium; b) organometallic nanoparticles comprising: i) a nanoparticle (NP) catalyst, prepared by a reduction of an iron salt in an organic solvent, wherein the catalyst comprises at least one other metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt, Au, Ni, Co, Cu, Mn, Rh, Ir, Ru and Os or mixtures thereof; c) a ligand; and d) a surfactant; wherein the metal or mixtures thereof is present in less than or equal to 50,000 ppm relative to the iron salt.

In one embodiment, the present application discloses a catalyst composition comprising: a) a reaction solvent or a reaction medium; b) organometallic nanoparticles comprising: i) a nanoparticle (NP) catalyst, prepared by a reduction of an iron salt in an organic solvent, wherein the catalyst comprises at least one other metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt, Au, Ni, Co, Cu, Mn, Rh, Ir, Ru and Os or mixtures thereof; c) a ligand; and d) a surfactant; wherein the metal or mixtures thereof is present in less than or equal to 50,000 ppm relative to the iron salt.

A method of reducing a C—O bond to the corresponding C—H bond in a substrate, which could be a benzylic alcohol, allylic alcohol, ester or an ether bond beta to a hydroxyl group or alpha to a carbonyl group using a recyclable metal catalyst system. The recyclable catalyst system is also applicable to reducing a C═O bond to the corresponding C—OH bond and then C—H bond. These methodologies can be linked in one-pot to selective oxidation and depolymerizations of aromatic polyols such as lignin.

A method of reducing a C—O bond to the corresponding C—H bond in a substrate, which could be a benzylic alcohol, allylic alcohol, ester or an ether bond beta to a hydroxyl group or alpha to a carbonyl group using a recyclable metal catalyst system. The recyclable catalyst system is also applicable to reducing a C═O bond to the corresponding C—OH bond and then C—H bond. These methodologies can be linked in one-pot to selective oxidation and depolymerizations of aromatic polyols such as lignin.

The present invention is directed to a radically curable chemical composition in form of a resin for the production of materials having an intrinsic antimicrobial effect, to the applications of these materials, to a method for the preparation of these resins and materials, and to the use of an amino-functionalized styrene derivative as a reactive diluent. The cross-linked plastic materials formed after curing have an intrinsic antimicrobial effect without the use of additional biocides.

The present invention is directed to a radically curable chemical composition in form of a resin for the production of materials having an intrinsic antimicrobial effect, to the applications of these materials, to a method for the preparation of these resins and materials, and to the use of an amino-functionalized styrene derivative as a reactive diluent. The cross-linked plastic materials formed after curing have an intrinsic antimicrobial effect without the use of additional biocides.