The present invention relates to novel carbamate intermediate of formula (II), process for its preparation and process for its conversion into 3-[(1R,2R)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl]phenol, tapentadol and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to novel carbamate intermediate of formula (II), process for its preparation and process for its conversion into 3-[(1R,2R)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl]phenol, tapentadol and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts. ##STR00001##

A reaction accelerator is provided which is used in a reaction of a compound including an isocyanate group that is not directly bonded to an aromatic ring in a molecule with a compound including an active hydrogen-containing group and is formed of a compound including a halogenated carbamoyl group. A production method is provided which includes reacting a compound including an isocyanate group that is not directly bonded to an aromatic ring in a molecule with a compound including an active hydrogen-containing group to produce a urethane compound, a thiourethane compound, an amide compound or a urea compound, in which the reaction is performed in the presence of the reaction accelerator.

A reaction accelerator is provided which is used in a reaction of a compound including an isocyanate group that is not directly bonded to an aromatic ring in a molecule with a compound including an active hydrogen-containing group and is formed of a compound including a halogenated carbamoyl group. A production method is provided which includes reacting a compound including an isocyanate group that is not directly bonded to an aromatic ring in a molecule with a compound including an active hydrogen-containing group to produce a urethane compound, a thiourethane compound, an amide compound or a urea compound, in which the reaction is performed in the presence of the reaction accelerator.

A reaction accelerator is provided which is used in a reaction of a compound including an isocyanate group that is not directly bonded to an aromatic ring in a molecule with a compound including an active hydrogen-containing group and is formed of a compound including a halogenated carbamoyl group. A production method is provided which includes reacting a compound including an isocyanate group that is not directly bonded to an aromatic ring in a molecule with a compound including an active hydrogen-containing group to produce a urethane compound, a thiourethane compound, an amide compound or a urea compound, in which the reaction is performed in the presence of the reaction accelerator.

Novel urethane-acrylate (UAC) Star monomers and polyurethane-acrylate (PUAC) aerogel polymers derived therefrom are described herein, along with other novel, related monomers and polymers. Also described herein are processes for preparing the UAC Star monomers, the PUAC aerogel polymers, and the other related monomers and polymers. The PUAC and related polymers herein are useful in various applications including in structural and thermal insulation.

Novel urethane-acrylate (UAC) Star monomers and polyurethane-acrylate (PUAC) aerogel polymers derived therefrom are described herein, along with other novel, related monomers and polymers. Also described herein are processes for preparing the UAC Star monomers, the PUAC aerogel polymers, and the other related monomers and polymers. The PUAC and related polymers herein are useful in various applications including in structural and thermal insulation.

An acrylic or methacrylic compound having N-alkoxyalkyl group; and a method for producing the compound. An acrylic or methacrylic compound having N-alkoxyalkyl group, of Formula [1]:

##STR00001##

[where R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or methyl group; R.sup.2 is a C.sub.2-20 alkylene group etc.; R.sup.3 is an r-valent C.sub.2-20 aliphatic group etc.; R.sup.4 is a C.sub.1-20 alkyl group etc.; Z is >NCOO or OCON< (where is a bond, > and < each have two bonds, and any one of > and < is bonded to CH.sub.2OR.sup.4); and r is a natural number of 2 or more and 9 or less].

An acrylic or methacrylic compound having N-alkoxyalkyl group; and a method for producing the compound. An acrylic or methacrylic compound having N-alkoxyalkyl group, of Formula [1]:

##STR00001##

[where R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or methyl group; R.sup.2 is a C.sub.2-20 alkylene group etc.; R.sup.3 is an r-valent C.sub.2-20 aliphatic group etc.; R.sup.4 is a C.sub.1-20 alkyl group etc.; Z is >NCOO or OCON< (where is a bond, > and < each have two bonds, and any one of > and < is bonded to CH.sub.2OR.sup.4); and r is a natural number of 2 or more and 9 or less].

Provided are a fluorine-containing monomer soluble in a hydrocarbon-based solvent as well as excellent in water and oil repellence, and a manufacturing method therefor. The fluorine-containing monomer is a carboxylic acid ester/carbamate compound having a polymerizable functional group and a fluorine atom group, and represented by the following general formula: C.sub.aF.sub.2a+1O(C.sub.bF.sub.2bO).sub.cC.sub.2F.sub.4COOZ(CONHR).sub.d. The method for manufacturing the carboxylic acid ester/carbamate compound is comprised of the steps of making an isocyanate compound having a polymerizable functional group react with an alcohol such as a polyalkylene glycol, a cycloalkane dimethanol, or a polyhydric alcohol to produce a hydroxycarbamate, and subsequently making the resulting hydroxycarbamate react with a perfluoropolyether carboxylic acid halide.