The present invention is to provide a compound that can provide a modified polymer exhibiting excellent rigidity, wear resistance, and low heat build-up when used in a rubber composition; a modified polymer obtained by subjecting a polymer to modification with the compound; a rubber composition including the modified polymer; and a tire and a conveyor belt that are produced by using the rubber composition. The compound of the present invention is represented by

##STR00001##

(M) below.

Provided are compounds and compositions thereof that are useful as antioxidants in personal care formulations. The compounds are of the Formula I: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10 are independently H, C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, OH, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, COOH, COO.sup.M.sup.+, or O.sup.M.sup.+, where M.sup.+ is a sodium, potassium, or ammonium ion, provided that at least one of R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, or R.sup.10 is OH.

Provided are compounds and compositions thereof that are useful as antioxidants in personal care formulations. The compounds are of the Formula I: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10 are independently H, C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, OH, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, COOH, COO.sup.M.sup.+, or O.sup.M.sup.+, where M.sup.+ is a sodium, potassium, or ammonium ion, provided that at least one of R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, or R.sup.10 is OH.

Provided are compounds and compositions thereof that are useful as antioxidants in personal care formulations. The compounds are of the Formula I: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 are independently H, OH, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, COOH, COO.sup.M.sup.+ or O.sup.31 M.sup.+, where M.sup.+ is a sodium, potassium, or ammonium ion, wherein at least two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, or R.sup.5 are OH, and R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10, are independently H, OH, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, COOH, COO.sup.M.sup.+ or O.sup.M.sup.+ where M.sup.+ is a sodium, potassium, or ammonium ion, or a substituent of Formula II: ##STR00002##
wherein R.sup.11, R.sup.12, R.sup.13, R.sup.14,and R.sup.15are independently H, OH, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, COOH, COO.sup.M.sup.+ or O.sup.M.sup.+, where M.sup.+ is a sodium, potassium, or ammonium ion, provided that one of R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10 is a substituent of Formula II.

Provided are compounds and compositions thereof that are useful as antioxidants in personal care formulations. The compounds are of the Formula I:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10 are independently H, C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, OH, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, COOH, COO.sup.M.sup.+, or O.sup.M.sup.+, where M.sup.+ is a sodium, potassium, or ammonium ion, provided that at least one of R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, or R.sup.10 is OH.

Provided are compounds and compositions thereof that are useful as antioxidants in personal care formulations. The compounds are of the Formula I:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10 are independently H, C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, OH, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, COOH, COO.sup.M.sup.+, or O.sup.M.sup.+, where M.sup.+ is a sodium, potassium, or ammonium ion, provided that at least one of R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, or R.sup.10 is OH.

Provided are compounds and compositions thereof that are useful as antioxidants in personal care formulations. The compounds are of the Formula I: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 are independently H, OH, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, COOH, COO.sup.M.sup.+ or O.sup.M.sup.+, where M.sup.+ is a sodium, potassium, or ammonium ion, and R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10, are independently H, OH, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, COOH, COO.sup.M.sup.+ or O.sup.M.sup.+, where M.sup.+ is a sodium, potassium, or ammonium ion, or a substituent of Formula II: ##STR00002##
wherein R.sup.11, R.sup.12, R.sup.13, R.sup.14, and R.sup.15 are independently H, OH, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, COOH, COO.sup.M.sup.+ or O.sup.M.sup.+, where M.sup.+ is a sodium, potassium, or ammonium ion, provided that one of R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10 is a substituent of Formula II.

Provided are compounds and compositions thereof that are useful as antioxidants in personal care formulations. The compounds are of the Formula I: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 are independently H, OH, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, COOH, COO.sup.M.sup.+ or O.sup.M.sup.+, where M.sup.+ is a sodium, potassium, or ammonium ion, and R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10, are independently H, OH, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, COOH, COO.sup.M.sup.+ or O.sup.M.sup.+, where M.sup.+ is a sodium, potassium, or ammonium ion, or a substituent of Formula II: ##STR00002##
wherein R.sup.11, R.sup.12, R.sup.13, R.sup.14, and R.sup.15 are independently H, OH, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, COOH, COO.sup.M.sup.+ or O.sup.M.sup.+, where M.sup.+ is a sodium, potassium, or ammonium ion, provided that one of R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10 is a substituent of Formula II.

A method of manufacturing nitrone compounds is provided. The method includes: providing a nitro compound; and performing a photoreaction of the nitro compound, a catalyst and an additive under visible light to obtain the nitrone compound.

A method of manufacturing nitrone compounds is provided. The method includes: providing a nitro compound; and performing a photoreaction of the nitro compound, a catalyst and an additive under visible light to obtain the nitrone compound.