The present invention relates to an electrolyte additive comprising a salt of an anion with K.sup.+ or Na.sup.+, the anion being derived from a nitrogen atom-containing compound, and a lithium difluoro bis(oxalato)phosphate. In addition, the present invention provides a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and the electrolyte additive. The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery which includes a cathode employing a cathode active material, an anode employing an anode active material, a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode, and the non-aqueous electrolyte.

The present invention relates to an electrolyte additive comprising a salt of an anion with K.sup.+ or Na.sup.+, the anion being derived from a nitrogen atom-containing compound, and a lithium difluoro bis(oxalato)phosphate. In addition, the present invention provides a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and the electrolyte additive. The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery which includes a cathode employing a cathode active material, an anode employing an anode active material, a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode, and the non-aqueous electrolyte.

The present invention relates to an electrolyte additive comprising a salt of an anion with K.sup.+ or Na.sup.+, the anion being derived from a nitrogen atom-containing compound, and a lithium-containing compound for forming a coating film. In addition, the present invention provides a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and the electrolyte additive. The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery which includes a cathode employing a cathode active material, an anode employing an anode active material, a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode, and the non-aqueous electrolyte.

The present invention relates to an electrolyte additive comprising a salt of an anion with K.sup.+ or Na.sup.+, the anion being derived from a nitrogen atom-containing compound, and a lithium-containing compound for forming a coating film. In addition, the present invention provides a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and the electrolyte additive. The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery which includes a cathode employing a cathode active material, an anode employing an anode active material, a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode, and the non-aqueous electrolyte.

The invention concerns ionic compounds in which the anionic load has been delocalized. A compound disclosed by the invention is comprised of an amide or one of its salts, including an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M.sup.+m in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality; the compound is further comprised of M as a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO.sup.+, an ammonium NH.sub.4.sup.+, a metallic cation with the valence m, an organic cation with the valence m, or an organometallic cation with the valence m. The anionic portion matches the formula R.sub.FSO.sub.xN.sup.?Z, where R.sub.F is a perflourinated group, x is 1 or 3, and Z is an electroattractive substituent. The compounds can be used notably for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorants and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

The invention concerns ionic compounds in which the anionic load has been delocalized. A compound disclosed by the invention is comprised of an amide or one of its salts, including an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M.sup.+m in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality; the compound is further comprised of M as a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO.sup.+, an ammonium NH.sub.4.sup.+, a metallic cation with the valence m, an organic cation with the valence m, or an organometallic cation with the valence m. The anionic portion matches the formula R.sub.FSO.sub.xN.sup.?Z, where R.sub.F is a perflourinated group, x is 1 or 3, and Z is an electroattractive substituent. The compounds can be used notably for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorants and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

A molecular crystal with lithium ion conductivity is disclosed. The molecular crystal of the present disclosure includes sulfolane and a lithium salt represented by the following chemical formula and the molar ratio of said sulfolane to said lithium salt is 2.0 or more and less than 3.0.

##STR00001##

A molecular crystal with lithium ion conductivity is disclosed. The molecular crystal of the present disclosure includes sulfolane and a lithium salt represented by the following chemical formula and the molar ratio of said sulfolane to said lithium salt is 2.0 or more and less than 3.0.

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A lubricating agent including an ionic liquid formed from a Bronsted acid (HX) and a Bronsted base (B), wherein the Bronsted base has a linear hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms and the difference between the pKa value of the Bronsted acid in water and the pKa value of the Bronsted base in water is 12 or more.

A lubricating agent including an ionic liquid formed from a Bronsted acid (HX) and a Bronsted base (B), wherein the Bronsted base has a linear hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms and the difference between the pKa value of the Bronsted acid in water and the pKa value of the Bronsted base in water is 12 or more.