The present disclosure provides pladienolide compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and pladienolide compounds for use in methods of medical treatment. These compounds may be useful in the treatment of cancer, particularly cancers in which agents that target the spliceosome and mutations therein are known to be useful. Also provided herein are pladienolide compounds for use in methods of treating cancers by administering at least one pladienolide compound disclosed herein and at least one additional therapy

Described are GCF-8 inhibitors of the formula (I),

##STR00001##

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein n, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, X and Z are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same. Such compounds and compositions are useful in methods for inhibiting GDF-8 in a cell and methods for treating a patient suffering from a disease or disorder, wherein the patient would therapeutically benefit from an increase in mass or strength of muscle tissue.

Described are GCF-8 inhibitors of the formula (I),

##STR00001##

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein n, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, X and Z are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same. Such compounds and compositions are useful in methods for inhibiting GDF-8 in a cell and methods for treating a patient suffering from a disease or disorder, wherein the patient would therapeutically benefit from an increase in mass or strength of muscle tissue.

Compounds represented by formulae I, II, III, and IV including pro-drugs for treprostinil and prostacyclin analogs. Uses include treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH) or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The structures of the compounds can be adapted to the particular application for a suitable treatment dosage. Transdermal applications can be used.

Compounds represented by formulae I, II, III, and IV including pro-drugs for treprostinil and prostacyclin analogs. Uses include treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH) or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The structures of the compounds can be adapted to the particular application for a suitable treatment dosage. Transdermal applications can be used.

Pyrimidone compounds defined herein exhibit human neutrophil elastase inhibitory properties and are useful for treating diseases and condition in which HNE is implicated.

Pyrimidone compounds defined herein exhibit human neutrophil elastase inhibitory properties and are useful for treating diseases and condition in which HNE is implicated.

The present disclosure provides methods of treating cancer by silencing tumor-innervating sensory neurons. The methods include treating cancer by genetic ablation of ion channels (e.g., TRPV1 or Na.sub.V1.8), local pharmacological silencing or blockade of neuropeptide release from tumor-innervating nociceptor (e.g., with QX-314 and BoNT/a), as well as the antagonism of the CGRP receptor RAMP1 (e.g., with BIBN 4096).

The present invention provides crystals of a quaternary ammonium salt structure compound, i.e., (2R,3R)-3-[(2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenyl)ethoxy]-1-(3-phenoxypropyl) azabicyclo[2,2,2]octylonium bromide (Compound I). A Type-A crystal of Compound I displays diffraction peaks at the following diffraction angles 2θ in a X-ray powder diffraction pattern thereof: 5.7±0.2 degrees, 12.9±0.2 degrees, 16.7±0.2 degrees, 18.0±0.2 degrees, 19.5±0.2 degrees, 21.1±0.2 degrees, 22.3±0.2 degrees and 23.3±0.2 degrees. A Type-B crystal of Compound I displays diffraction peaks at the following diffraction angles 2θ in a X-ray powder diffraction pattern thereof: 5.2±0.2 degrees, 15.8±0.2 degrees, 16.9±0.2 degrees, 17.7±0.2 degrees, 19.5±0.2 degrees, 20.2±0.2 degrees and 22.1±0.2 degrees. The present application also relates to a new method for preparing Compound I and applications of the two novel crystals in the field of medicine.

The present invention provides crystals of a quaternary ammonium salt structure compound, i.e., (2R,3R)-3-[(2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenyl)ethoxy]-1-(3-phenoxypropyl) azabicyclo[2,2,2]octylonium bromide (Compound I). A Type-A crystal of Compound I displays diffraction peaks at the following diffraction angles 2θ in a X-ray powder diffraction pattern thereof: 5.7±0.2 degrees, 12.9±0.2 degrees, 16.7±0.2 degrees, 18.0±0.2 degrees, 19.5±0.2 degrees, 21.1±0.2 degrees, 22.3±0.2 degrees and 23.3±0.2 degrees. A Type-B crystal of Compound I displays diffraction peaks at the following diffraction angles 2θ in a X-ray powder diffraction pattern thereof: 5.2±0.2 degrees, 15.8±0.2 degrees, 16.9±0.2 degrees, 17.7±0.2 degrees, 19.5±0.2 degrees, 20.2±0.2 degrees and 22.1±0.2 degrees. The present application also relates to a new method for preparing Compound I and applications of the two novel crystals in the field of medicine.