Primary, secondary (1°,2°) alkylethylenediamine- and alkylpropylenediamine-appended variants of metal-organic framework are provided for CO.sub.2 capture applications. Increasing the size of the alkyl group on the secondary amine enhances the stability to diamine volatilization from the metal sites. Two-step adsorption/desorption profiles are overcome by minimzing steric interactions between adjacent ammonium carbamate chains. For instance, the isoreticularly expanded framework Mg.sub.2(dotpdc) (dotpdc.sup.4−=4,4″-dioxido-[1,1′:4′,1″-terphenyl]-3,3″-dicarboxylate), yields diamine-appended adsorbents displaying a single CO.sub.2 adsorption step. Further, use of the isomeric framework Mg-IRMOF-74-II or Mg.sub.2(pc-dobpdc) (pc-dobpdc.sup.4−=3,3-dioxidobiphenyl-4,4-dicarboxylate, pc=para-carboxylate) also leads to a single CO.sub.2 adsorption step with bulky diamines. By relieving steric interactions between adjacent ammonium carbamate chains, these frameworks enable step-shaped CO.sub.2 adsorption, decreased water co-adsorption, and increased stability to diamine loss. Variants of Mg.sub.2(dotpdc) and Mg.sub.2(pc-dobpdc) functionalized with large diamines such as N-(n-heptyl)ethylenediamine have utility as adsorbents for carbon capture applications.

Primary, secondary (1°,2°) alkylethylenediamine- and alkylpropylenediamine-appended variants of metal-organic framework are provided for CO.sub.2 capture applications. Increasing the size of the alkyl group on the secondary amine enhances the stability to diamine volatilization from the metal sites. Two-step adsorption/desorption profiles are overcome by minimzing steric interactions between adjacent ammonium carbamate chains. For instance, the isoreticularly expanded framework Mg.sub.2(dotpdc) (dotpdc.sup.4−=4,4″-dioxido-[1,1′:4′,1″-terphenyl]-3,3″-dicarboxylate), yields diamine-appended adsorbents displaying a single CO.sub.2 adsorption step. Further, use of the isomeric framework Mg-IRMOF-74-II or Mg.sub.2(pc-dobpdc) (pc-dobpdc.sup.4−=3,3-dioxidobiphenyl-4,4-dicarboxylate, pc=para-carboxylate) also leads to a single CO.sub.2 adsorption step with bulky diamines. By relieving steric interactions between adjacent ammonium carbamate chains, these frameworks enable step-shaped CO.sub.2 adsorption, decreased water co-adsorption, and increased stability to diamine loss. Variants of Mg.sub.2(dotpdc) and Mg.sub.2(pc-dobpdc) functionalized with large diamines such as N-(n-heptyl)ethylenediamine have utility as adsorbents for carbon capture applications.

A method for producing an organometallic nucleophile includes reacting an organohalide and a metal or metal compound with each other by a mechanochemical process in the presence of an ether compound in an amount of 0.5 to 10.0 equivalents relative to 1 equivalent of the organohalide. By utilizing the method, a method for producing an organometallic nucleophile can be performed without using a large-scale apparatus, a reaction method for reactions between an organometallic nucleophile and various organic electrophiles can be performed by an efficient and simplified means, and a simplified method for producing an organometallic nucleophile can be performed with high reactivity.

A method for producing an organometallic nucleophile includes reacting an organohalide and a metal or metal compound with each other by a mechanochemical process in the presence of an ether compound in an amount of 0.5 to 10.0 equivalents relative to 1 equivalent of the organohalide. By utilizing the method, a method for producing an organometallic nucleophile can be performed without using a large-scale apparatus, a reaction method for reactions between an organometallic nucleophile and various organic electrophiles can be performed by an efficient and simplified means, and a simplified method for producing an organometallic nucleophile can be performed with high reactivity.

Metal-organic framework materials (MOFs) are highly porous entities comprising a multidentate organic ligand coordinated to multiple metal centers, typically as a coordination polymer. Crystallization may be problematic in some instances when secondary binding sites are present in the multidentate organic ligand. Multidentate organic ligands comprising first and second binding sites bridged together with a third binding site comprising a diimine moiety may alleviate these issues, particularly when using a preformed metal cluster as a metal source to form a MOF. Such MOFs may comprise a plurality of metal centers, and a multidentate organic ligand coordinated to the plurality of metal centers to define an at least partially crystalline network structure having a plurality of internal pores, and in which the multidentate organic ligand comprises first and second binding sites bridged together with a third binding site comprising a diimine moiety. Particular MOFs may comprise N,N′-di(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)ethane-1,2-diimine as a multidentate organic ligand.

Provided is a process for the mono-alkylation of cyclopentadiene, utilizing a cyclopentadiene magnesium halide and a metal salt of an alkyl or aryl sulfonate as co-reactant with an alkyl halide alkylating reactant. The process provides facile methodology for the mono-alkylation of cyclopentadiene, with conversions as high as about 96 percent and selectivity for mono-alkylation (over higher level alkylation, such as di- or tri-) as high as about 99%.

To provide a method for producing an amidinate metal complex which is represented by [R.sup.1—N—C(R.sup.3)—N—R.sup.2]nM in cost saving and simple manner.

A method for producing an amidinate metal complex represented by [R.sup.1—N—C(R.sup.3)—N—R.sup.2]nM including: a first step in which R.sup.3X is reacted with a metal Li in a solvent to obtain R.sup.3Li solution with LiX suspended therein; a second step in which the R.sup.3Li solution with LiX existing therein is reacted with R.sup.1—N═C═N—R.sup.2 to obtain a [R.sup.1—N—C(R.sup.3)—N—R.sup.2]Li solution with the LiX suspended therein; a third step in which the [R.sup.1—N—C(R.sup.3)—N—R.sup.2]Li solution with the LiX existing therein is reacted with MX to obtain an amidinate metal complex solution, represented by the [R.sup.1—N—C(R.sup.3)—N—R.sup.2]nM, with the LiX suspended therein; and a fourth step for removing the LiX in the solution obtained by the third step.

To provide a method for producing an amidinate metal complex which is represented by [R.sup.1—N—C(R.sup.3)—N—R.sup.2]nM in cost saving and simple manner.

A method for producing an amidinate metal complex represented by [R.sup.1—N—C(R.sup.3)—N—R.sup.2]nM including: a first step in which R.sup.3X is reacted with a metal Li in a solvent to obtain R.sup.3Li solution with LiX suspended therein; a second step in which the R.sup.3Li solution with LiX existing therein is reacted with R.sup.1—N═C═N—R.sup.2 to obtain a [R.sup.1—N—C(R.sup.3)—N—R.sup.2]Li solution with the LiX suspended therein; a third step in which the [R.sup.1—N—C(R.sup.3)—N—R.sup.2]Li solution with the LiX existing therein is reacted with MX to obtain an amidinate metal complex solution, represented by the [R.sup.1—N—C(R.sup.3)—N—R.sup.2]nM, with the LiX suspended therein; and a fourth step for removing the LiX in the solution obtained by the third step.

The present invention relates to an electronic device comprising between a first electrode and a second electrode at least one first hole transport layer, wherein the first hole transport layer comprises (i) at least one first hole transport matrix compound consisting of covalently bound atoms and (ii) at least one electrical p-dopant selected from metal salts and from electrically neutral metal complexes comprising a metal cation and a at least one anion and/or at least one anionic ligand consisting of at least 4 covalently bound atoms, wherein the metal cation of the electrical p-dopant is selected from alkali metals; alkaline earth metals, Pb, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd; rare earth metals in oxidation state (II) or (III); Al, Ga, In; and from Sn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and W in oxidation state (IV) or less; provided that a) p-dopants comprising anion or anionic ligand having generic formula (Ia) or (Ib). ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to an electronic device comprising between a first electrode and a second electrode at least one first hole transport layer, wherein the first hole transport layer comprises (i) at least one first hole transport matrix compound consisting of covalently bound atoms and (ii) at least one electrical p-dopant selected from metal salts and from electrically neutral metal complexes comprising a metal cation and a at least one anion and/or at least one anionic ligand consisting of at least 4 covalently bound atoms, wherein the metal cation of the electrical p-dopant is selected from alkali metals; alkaline earth metals, Pb, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd; rare earth metals in oxidation state (II) or (III); Al, Ga, In; and from Sn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and W in oxidation state (IV) or less; provided that a) p-dopants comprising anion or anionic ligand having generic formula (Ia) or (Ib). ##STR00001##