A nanoribbon includes a structure represented by a structural formula (8), where g, p, q, r, s, t, and u are mutually independent and are integers greater than or equal to 1, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, and R.sup.8 are mutually independent and are one of a hydrogen atom, a substituent, an alkyl moiety, a phenyl moiety, and a halogen atom, and A denotes a hydrogen atom or as aryl group. ##STR00001##

This invention relates to novel and improved catalyst and catalysts systems for the oligomerization of the higher olefins, which produce lubricants having improved properties, such as end-saturated oligomer chains which are needless to hydrogenation process, low kinematic viscosity and/or high viscosity index, low pour point, and high flash point lubricants.

This invention relates to novel and improved catalyst and catalysts systems for the oligomerization of the higher olefins, which produce lubricants having improved properties, such as end-saturated oligomer chains which are needless to hydrogenation process, low kinematic viscosity and/or high viscosity index, low pour point, and high flash point lubricants.

A colloidal suspension includes an organic phase and a complex of Formula I as precursor for Ziegler-Natta catalyst synthesis:
XTiCl.sub.p(OR.sup.1).sub.4-p.YMg(OR.sup.2).sub.q(OR.sup.3).sub.t  (I).
In Formula I, a molar ratio of X to Y (X/Y) is from 0.2 to 5.0, p is 0 or 1, 0<q<2, 0<t<2, the sum of q and t is 2, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are each independently a linear or branched alkyl, a linear or branched heteroalkyl, a cycloalkyl, a substituted cycloalkyl, a substituted heterocycloalkyl, a substituted aryl, or a (heteroaryl)alkyl; and R.sup.2 is not the same as R.sup.3.

A colloidal suspension includes an organic phase and a complex of Formula I as precursor for Ziegler-Natta catalyst synthesis:
XTiCl.sub.p(OR.sup.1).sub.4-p.YMg(OR.sup.2).sub.q(OR.sup.3).sub.t  (I).
In Formula I, a molar ratio of X to Y (X/Y) is from 0.2 to 5.0, p is 0 or 1, 0<q<2, 0<t<2, the sum of q and t is 2, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are each independently a linear or branched alkyl, a linear or branched heteroalkyl, a cycloalkyl, a substituted cycloalkyl, a substituted heterocycloalkyl, a substituted aryl, or a (heteroaryl)alkyl; and R.sup.2 is not the same as R.sup.3.

Bis-imine titanium complex having general formula (I): wherein: R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, mutually identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; or are selected from linear or branched, optionally halogenated, C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl groups, preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.15, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, mutually identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; or are selected from linear or branched, optionally halogenated, C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl groups, preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.15, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups, optionally substituted aryl groups; X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3 and X.sub.4, mutually identical or different, represent a halogen atom such as chlorine, bromine, iodine; or are selected from linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl groups, preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.15, —OCOR.sub.5 groups or —OR.sub.5 groups wherein R.sub.5 is selected from linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl groups, preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.15; or represent an acetylacetonate group (acac); provided that when R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent a methyl group and X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 represent a chlorine atom, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are different from 2,6-di-isopropylphenyl. ##STR00001##

Bis-imine titanium complex having general formula (I): wherein: R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, mutually identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; or are selected from linear or branched, optionally halogenated, C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl groups, preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.15, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, mutually identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; or are selected from linear or branched, optionally halogenated, C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl groups, preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.15, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups, optionally substituted aryl groups; X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3 and X.sub.4, mutually identical or different, represent a halogen atom such as chlorine, bromine, iodine; or are selected from linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl groups, preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.15, —OCOR.sub.5 groups or —OR.sub.5 groups wherein R.sub.5 is selected from linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl groups, preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.15; or represent an acetylacetonate group (acac); provided that when R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent a methyl group and X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 represent a chlorine atom, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are different from 2,6-di-isopropylphenyl. ##STR00001##

A lithium ion secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolytic solution. The anode includes a cyclic compound and the cyclic compound includes one or more of a first cyclic compound, a second cyclic compound, and a third cyclic compound.

An object of the present invention is to provide a highly heat resistant and highly rigid propylene-based polymer having unprecedentedly high stereoregularity. The propylene-based polymer of the present invention satisfies requirements (1) to (4) and preferably requirement (5): (1) an average meso chain length is 800 to 100,000; (2) a MFR is 0.5 to 1,000 g/10 minutes; (3) a ratio of Mw to Mn, Mw/Mn, as measured by GPC is 4.2 to 20; (4) when the ratio of a component which elutes at a temperature of 122° C. or more as measured by temperature rising elution fractionation (TREF) is A % by weight and the melt flow rate of the requirement (2) is B g/10 minutes, 100≥A≥20×EXP(−0.01×B); (5) an amount of a component soluble in n-decane at 23° C. is 0.01 to 2% by weight.

An object of the present invention is to provide a highly heat resistant and highly rigid propylene-based polymer having unprecedentedly high stereoregularity. The propylene-based polymer of the present invention satisfies requirements (1) to (4) and preferably requirement (5): (1) an average meso chain length is 800 to 100,000; (2) a MFR is 0.5 to 1,000 g/10 minutes; (3) a ratio of Mw to Mn, Mw/Mn, as measured by GPC is 4.2 to 20; (4) when the ratio of a component which elutes at a temperature of 122° C. or more as measured by temperature rising elution fractionation (TREF) is A % by weight and the melt flow rate of the requirement (2) is B g/10 minutes, 100≥A≥20×EXP(−0.01×B); (5) an amount of a component soluble in n-decane at 23° C. is 0.01 to 2% by weight.