A method of generating a saccharide, especially lactulose or lactosucrose, in the presence of a transgalactosylase enzyme, is described herein.

The present disclosure relates to lignocellulosic biomass processing and refining to produce hemicellulose and cellulose sugars. Methods and systems for refining a lignocellulosic hydrolysate are provided herein.

The present description relates to glycoconjugates, glycoconjugate immunogens and glycoconjugate vaccines comprising carbohydrate antigens coupled to immunogenic carrier proteins, or materials used for detection and screening of resulting antibodies. Improved methods of more directly and precisely conjugating carbohydrate antigens to free thiol groups of immunogenic carrier proteins are described, including click-chemistry approaches based on photocatalytic thiol-ene reactions.

The present invention relates to an amphiphilic compound having a dendronic hydrophobic group, a method for preparing the same, and a method for extraction, solubilization, stabilization, or crystallization of a membrane protein by using the same. The use of the compound according to the present invention leads to an excellent membrane protein solubilization effect and a stable storage of a membrane protein in an aqueous solution for a long time, and thus can be utilized for functional analysis and structural analysis of the membrane protein. Especially, the amphiphilic compound having a dendronic hydrophobic group showed very remarkable characteristics in the visualization of protein composites through an electronic microscope. The membrane protein structural and functional analysis is one of the fields of greatest interest in current biology and chemistry, and more than half of the new drugs that are currently being developed are targeted at membrane proteins, and thus the amphiphilic compound of the present invention can be applied to membrane protein structure studies closely related to the development of new drugs.

The invention provides ionic polymers (IP) consisting of anions and a polymeric backbone containing cations. The invention also provides the ionic polymers incorporated in membranes or attached to solid supports and use of the ionic polymers in processing of biomass.

The invention provides ionic polymers (IP) consisting of anions and a polymeric backbone containing cations. The invention also provides the ionic polymers incorporated in membranes or attached to solid supports and use of the ionic polymers in processing of biomass.

Methods and compounds are disclosed for irreversibly inhibiting a DNA repair enzyme that possesses lyase activity.

Methods and compounds are disclosed for irreversibly inhibiting a DNA repair enzyme that possesses lyase activity.

A mixture of human milk oligosaccharides that consists essentially of 6-SL, LNnT and LSTc, made by treating 6-SL and LNnT in the presence of an 2,6-transsialidase.

A mixture of human milk oligosaccharides that consists essentially of 6-SL, LNnT and LSTc, made by treating 6-SL and LNnT in the presence of an 2,6-transsialidase.