There are provided compounds of Formula (A) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, used for the prevention or treatment in a mammal of joint and bone disorders such as arthritis and osteoporosis.

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Provided are an L-proline complex of a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, and a monohydrate and a crystal of the L-proline complex. Specifically, provided are 1,6-dehydrated-1-C{4-chloro-3-[(3-fluoro-4-ethoxyphenyl)methyl]phenyl}-5-C-(hydroxymethyl)-?-L-idopyranose L-proline (a compound of formula (I)), a monohydrate and a type A crystal thereof, and a preparation method therefor. The obtained type A crystal of the compound of formula (I) has good chemical stability and crystal stability, and the crystallization solvent used has low toxicity and low residue, so the type A crystal can be better used in clinical treatment. ##STR00001##

Provided are an L-proline complex of a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, and a monohydrate and a crystal of the L-proline complex. Specifically, provided are 1,6-dehydrated-1-C{4-chloro-3-[(3-fluoro-4-ethoxyphenyl)methyl]phenyl}-5-C-(hydroxymethyl)-?-L-idopyranose L-proline (a compound of formula (I)), a monohydrate and a type A crystal thereof, and a preparation method therefor. The obtained type A crystal of the compound of formula (I) has good chemical stability and crystal stability, and the crystallization solvent used has low toxicity and low residue, so the type A crystal can be better used in clinical treatment. ##STR00001##

The present invention provides a phenyl C-glucoside derivative containing a deoxyglucose structure as represented by formula I, preparation method thereof, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, and uses thereof in the preparation of medicaments for treating diabetes, wherein substituents R.sup.1-R.sup.7 are as defined in the specification. The present invention also provides a method for synthesizing the phenyl C-glucoside derivative containing a deoxyglucose structure and an intermediate product. The method has advantages of being simple to manage and of low cost, which is suitable for large-scale industrial production. The present invention further provides a cocrystal of (1S)-1-[4-chloro-3-(4-ethoxybenzyl)phenyl]-1,6-dideoxy-D-glucose and L-proline, and preparation method and uses thereof. ##STR00001##

The present invention provides a phenyl C-glucoside derivative containing a deoxyglucose structure as represented by formula I, preparation method thereof, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, and uses thereof in the preparation of medicaments for treating diabetes, wherein substituents R.sup.1-R.sup.7 are as defined in the specification. The present invention also provides a method for synthesizing the phenyl C-glucoside derivative containing a deoxyglucose structure and an intermediate product. The method has advantages of being simple to manage and of low cost, which is suitable for large-scale industrial production. The present invention further provides a cocrystal of (1S)-1-[4-chloro-3-(4-ethoxybenzyl)phenyl]-1,6-dideoxy-D-glucose and L-proline, and preparation method and uses thereof. ##STR00001##

Reagents, methods, and kits for assaying enzymes associated with lysosomal storage diseases MPS-I, MPS-II, MPS-IIIA, MPS-IIIB, MPS-IVA, MPS-VI, and MPS VII.

Disclosed are an amine solvate of a sodium-glucose linked transporter (SGLT) inhibitor, and a preparation method and application thereof. The SGLT inhibitor is (1S,2S,3S,4R,5S)-5-(3-((2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)methyl)-4-ethylbenzyl)-1-(hydroxymethyl)-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2,3,4-triol. Further provided is a crystalline compound of the amine solvate, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the amine solvate, and an application of the amine solvate in preparing an SGLT-inhibiting pharmaceutical product.

Disclosed are an amine solvate of a sodium-glucose linked transporter (SGLT) inhibitor, and a preparation method and application thereof. The SGLT inhibitor is (1S,2S,3S,4R,5S)-5-(3-((2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)methyl)-4-ethylbenzyl)-1-(hydroxymethyl)-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2,3,4-triol. Further provided is a crystalline compound of the amine solvate, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the amine solvate, and an application of the amine solvate in preparing an SGLT-inhibiting pharmaceutical product.

Reagents, methods, and kits for assaying enzymes associated with lysosomal storage diseases MPS-I, MPS-II, MPS-IIIA, MPS-IIIB, MPS-IV A, MPS-VI, and MPS VII. In one aspect, the invention provides methods for assaying one or more enzymes associated with a lysosomal storage disease. In a first embodiment, the method includes: (a) contacting a sample with a first solution to provide a solution comprising one or more lysosomal enzymes; (b) contacting the one or more lysosomal enzymes in solution with an enzyme substrate for each lysosomal enzyme to be analyzed and incubating the substrates with the enzymes for a time sufficient to provide a solution comprising an enzyme product for each lysosomal enzyme present in the sample.

C, O-spiro aryl glycoside compounds are provided. Specifically provided are C, O-spiro aryl glycoside compounds represented by the formula (I), wherein the definitions of each variable group are described in the specification. Also provided are methods of preparing and using the C, O-spiro aryl glycoside compounds. The C, O-spiro aryl glycoside compounds can be used as SGLT2 inhibitors and for treating diseases, such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, and adiposity.

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