This disclosure concerns compositions and methods for promoting transcription of a nucleotide sequence in a plant or plant cell, employing a promoter from a Panicum virgatum metallothionein-like gene (mtl). Some embodiments relate to a promoter from a Panicum virgatum metallothionein-like gene (mtl) that functions in plants to promote transcription of operably linked nucleotide sequences.

This disclosure concerns compositions and methods for promoting transcription of a nucleotide sequence in a plant or plant cell, employing a promoter from a Panicum virgatum metallothionein-like gene (mtl). Some embodiments relate to a promoter from a Panicum virgatum metallothionein-like gene (mtl) that functions in plants to promote transcription of operably linked nucleotide sequences.

The present invention relates to a mitochondria targeting peptide, a fusion protein in which the peptide is bound to the carboxyl terminus of a protein transduction domain, a fusion protein in which the peptide is bound to the carboxyl terminus of a protein transduction domain and an antioxidant is bound to the carboxyl terminus of the peptide, an antioxidant composition and a composition for preventing or treating Parkinson's disease including the fusion protein in which the antioxidant is bound, a recombinant polynucleotide in which a polynucleotide coding a protein transduction domain, a polynucleotide coding the peptide, and a polynucleotide coding an antioxidant protein are sequentially bound, to an expression vector including the polynucleotide, and to a transformed host cell including the expression vector. The mitochondria targeting peptide according to the present invention targets mitochondria with high efficiency not only when the peptide exists alone but also when the peptide is bound to a protein transduction domain and/or to an antioxidant. Further, the peptide has a small size and is thus a very suitable targeting carrier. The peptide becomes processed when introduced into mitochondria, and thus stably delivers the drug carried by the peptide.

The present invention relates to a mitochondria targeting peptide, a fusion protein in which the peptide is bound to the carboxyl terminus of a protein transduction domain, a fusion protein in which the peptide is bound to the carboxyl terminus of a protein transduction domain and an antioxidant is bound to the carboxyl terminus of the peptide, an antioxidant composition and a composition for preventing or treating Parkinson's disease including the fusion protein in which the antioxidant is bound, a recombinant polynucleotide in which a polynucleotide coding a protein transduction domain, a polynucleotide coding the peptide, and a polynucleotide coding an antioxidant protein are sequentially bound, to an expression vector including the polynucleotide, and to a transformed host cell including the expression vector. The mitochondria targeting peptide according to the present invention targets mitochondria with high efficiency not only when the peptide exists alone but also when the peptide is bound to a protein transduction domain and/or to an antioxidant. Further, the peptide has a small size and is thus a very suitable targeting carrier. The peptide becomes processed when introduced into mitochondria, and thus stably delivers the drug carried by the peptide.

The present invention relates to a genetically controlled nanoscopy contrast-generating unit comprising a metal interactor, wherein the metal interactor is compatible with nanoscopy fixation protocols, nanoscopy post-fixation protocols, and nanoscopy metal staining protocols and wherein the metal interactor is a molecule to which metal ions can bind to or react with. The present invention also relates to a genetically controlled structural element, wherein said genetically controlled structural element organizes the genetically controlled nanoscopy contrast-generating unit. The genetically controlled structural element can be an encapsulin and the genetically controlled nanoscopy contrast-generating unit can be one or two murine metallothionein-3, or three chimeric metallothioneins. The present invention also relates to a genetically controlled scaffold, wherein said genetically controlled scaffold spatially organizes the genetically controlled structural elements. The present invention also relates to the use of such genetically controlled nanoscopy contrast-generating unit, such genetically controlled structural element, and/or such genetically controlled scaffold for nanoscopy detection methods. The present invention also relates to a nanobiomaterial consisting of the isolated genetically controlled structural elements, and/or genetically controlled scaffolds. The present invention also relates to vectors comprising a nucleic acid encoding a genetically controlled nanoscopy contrast-generating unit, a genetically controlled structural element, and/or a genetically controlled scaffold.

The present invention relates to a genetically controlled nanoscopy contrast-generating unit comprising a metal interactor, wherein the metal interactor is compatible with nanoscopy fixation protocols, nanoscopy post-fixation protocols, and nanoscopy metal staining protocols and wherein the metal interactor is a molecule to which metal ions can bind to or react with. The present invention also relates to a genetically controlled structural element, wherein said genetically controlled structural element organizes the genetically controlled nanoscopy contrast-generating unit. The genetically controlled structural element can be an encapsulin and the genetically controlled nanoscopy contrast-generating unit can be one or two murine metallothionein-3, or three chimeric metallothioneins. The present invention also relates to a genetically controlled scaffold, wherein said genetically controlled scaffold spatially organizes the genetically controlled structural elements. The present invention also relates to the use of such genetically controlled nanoscopy contrast-generating unit, such genetically controlled structural element, and/or such genetically controlled scaffold for nanoscopy detection methods. The present invention also relates to a nanobiomaterial consisting of the isolated genetically controlled structural elements, and/or genetically controlled scaffolds. The present invention also relates to vectors comprising a nucleic acid encoding a genetically controlled nanoscopy contrast-generating unit, a genetically controlled structural element, and/or a genetically controlled scaffold.