The soluble material for three-dimensional modeling of the present invention is a soluble material for three-dimensional modeling that is used as a material of a support material that supports a three-dimensional object when manufacturing the three-dimensional object with a fused deposition modeling type 3D printer. The soluble material for three-dimensional modeling contains at least one polymer and at least one filler. In the soluble material for three-dimensional modeling, the filler is a fibrous filler having a fiber length of 0.02 μm to 1,000 μm and a fiber diameter of 0.0001 μm to 20 μm and/or a flat filler having a particle size of 0.1 μm to 20 μm and a thickness of 0.01 μm to 10 μm. The content of the filler is 0.01 part by mass to 200 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer. According to the present invention, foaming and a decrease of the accuracy of a three-dimensional object can be suppressed even when the soluble material for three-dimensional modeling is used in manufacture of the three-dimensional object with a 3D printer after being exposed to high humidity.

The present invention relates to a process for producing an aqueous polymer dispersion by free-radically initiated aqueous emulsion polymerization, by polymerizing, in an aqueous medium, (a) 40 to 75 parts by weight of at least one vinylaromatic compound and (b) 24.9 to 59.9 parts by weight of at least one conjugated aliphatic diene (c) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of at least one monomer comprising acid groups and (d) 0 to 20 parts by weight of at least one other monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, the amounts of the monomers (a) to (d) adding up to 100 parts by weight, in a monomer feed process in the presence of a free-radical initiator, with the proviso that the vinylaromatic compound is metered in under polymerization conditions in a continuous mass flow over a period of at least 120 minutes, the metering of the conjugated aliphatic diene is started at a time at which at least 5% and not more than 30% of the vinylaromatic compound has already been metered in in a continuous mass flow and optionally, the polymerization is initiated in an aqueous polymerization mixture comprising up to 5% of the vinylaromatic compound and comprising no aliphatic diene, and also to the aqueous polymer dispersions produced by the process and to the use of these as a binder, adhesive, sizing agent for fibers, for the production of coatings or for the production of a paper coating slip.

The present invention relates to a process for producing an aqueous polymer dispersion by free-radically initiated aqueous emulsion polymerization, by polymerizing, in an aqueous medium, (a) 40 to 75 parts by weight of at least one vinylaromatic compound and (b) 24.9 to 59.9 parts by weight of at least one conjugated aliphatic diene (c) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of at least one monomer comprising acid groups and (d) 0 to 20 parts by weight of at least one other monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, the amounts of the monomers (a) to (d) adding up to 100 parts by weight, in a monomer feed process in the presence of a free-radical initiator, with the proviso that the vinylaromatic compound is metered in under polymerization conditions in a continuous mass flow over a period of at least 120 minutes, the metering of the conjugated aliphatic diene is started at a time at which at least 5% and not more than 30% of the vinylaromatic compound has already been metered in in a continuous mass flow and optionally, the polymerization is initiated in an aqueous polymerization mixture comprising up to 5% of the vinylaromatic compound and comprising no aliphatic diene, and also to the aqueous polymer dispersions produced by the process and to the use of these as a binder, adhesive, sizing agent for fibers, for the production of coatings or for the production of a paper coating slip.

The present invention relates to a process for producing an aqueous polymer dispersion by free-radically initiated aqueous emulsion polymerization, by polymerizing, in an aqueous medium,

(a) 40 to 75 parts by weight of at least one vinylaromatic compound and
(b) 24.9 to 59.9 parts by weight of at least one conjugated aliphatic diene
(c) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of at least one monomer comprising acid groups and
(d) 0 to 20 parts by weight of at least one other monoethylenically unsaturated monomer,
the amounts of the monomers (a) to (d) adding up to 100 parts by weight,
in a monomer feed process in the presence of at least one inorganic peroxide and at least one organic peroxide, with the proviso that the continuous metering of the inorganic peroxide starts at the same time as the continuous metering of the vinylaromatic compound, the metering of the organic peroxide is started at a time at which at least 5% and not more than 20% of the vinylaromatic compound has already been metered in in a continuous mass flow under polymerization conditions and optionally a portion of the inorganic peroxide is initially charged,
and also to the aqueous polymer dispersions produced by the process and to the use of these as a binder, adhesive, sizing agent for fibers, for the production of coatings or for the production of a paper coating slip.

The present invention relates to a process for producing an aqueous polymer dispersion by free-radically initiated aqueous emulsion polymerization, by polymerizing, in an aqueous medium,

(a) 40 to 75 parts by weight of at least one vinylaromatic compound and
(b) 24.9 to 59.9 parts by weight of at least one conjugated aliphatic diene
(c) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of at least one monomer comprising acid groups and
(d) 0 to 20 parts by weight of at least one other monoethylenically unsaturated monomer,
the amounts of the monomers (a) to (d) adding up to 100 parts by weight,
in a monomer feed process in the presence of at least one inorganic peroxide and at least one organic peroxide, with the proviso that the continuous metering of the inorganic peroxide starts at the same time as the continuous metering of the vinylaromatic compound, the metering of the organic peroxide is started at a time at which at least 5% and not more than 20% of the vinylaromatic compound has already been metered in in a continuous mass flow under polymerization conditions and optionally a portion of the inorganic peroxide is initially charged,
and also to the aqueous polymer dispersions produced by the process and to the use of these as a binder, adhesive, sizing agent for fibers, for the production of coatings or for the production of a paper coating slip.

The present invention relates to a process for producing an aqueous polymer dispersion by free-radically initiated aqueous emulsion polymerization, by polymerizing, in an aqueous medium,

(a) 40 to 75 parts by weight of at least one vinylaromatic compound and
(b) 24.9 to 59.9 parts by weight of at least one conjugated aliphatic diene
(c) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of at least one monomer comprising acid groups and
(d) 0 to 20 parts by weight of at least one other monoethylenically unsaturated monomer,
the amounts of the monomers (a) to (d) adding up to 100 parts by weight,
in a monomer feed process in the presence of at least one inorganic peroxide and at least one organic peroxide, with the proviso that the continuous metering of the inorganic peroxide starts at the same time as the continuous metering of the vinylaromatic compound, the metering of the organic peroxide is started at a time at which at least 5% and not more than 20% of the vinylaromatic compound has already been metered in in a continuous mass flow under polymerization conditions and optionally a portion of the inorganic peroxide is initially charged,
and also to the aqueous polymer dispersions produced by the process and to the use of these as a binder, adhesive, sizing agent for fibers, for the production of coatings or for the production of a paper coating slip.

A method of preparing an acrylonitrile-based copolymer for a carbon fiber. The method includes: preparing a reaction solution including a (meth)acrylonitrile-based monomer and a first reaction solvent; adding a first portion of a radical polymerization initiator to the reaction solution to initiate polymerization; and adding a second portion of the radical polymerization initiator to the reaction solution when a polymerization conversion ratio is between 70 to 80%.

A method of preparing an acrylonitrile-based copolymer for a carbon fiber. The method includes: preparing a reaction solution including a (meth)acrylonitrile-based monomer and a first reaction solvent; adding a first portion of a radical polymerization initiator to the reaction solution to initiate polymerization; and adding a second portion of the radical polymerization initiator to the reaction solution when a polymerization conversion ratio is between 70 to 80%.

A process for preparation of a polymer product comprising the steps of i) feeding an aqueous mixture comprising a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer or a mixture of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers into a first reactor device (2) through at least one inlet; ii) partially polymerizing the monomer or monomers and transferring the polymerizing monomer or mixture of monomers from the inlet to an outlet (3) of the first reactor device (2) to provide a partially polymerized product; iii) flowing the partially polymerized product out of the outlet (3), in which no more than 60% of the monomer or mixture of monomers has been polymerized in the partially polymerized product as it exits the outlet (3) of first reactor device (2), and transferring it to a further reactor device (5), in which the further reactor device (5) has an inlet and an outlet (6);
iv) continuing the polymerization in the further reactor device (5) and removing the polymer product from the outlet (6) of the further reactor device (5),
characterized in that the first reactor device (2) comprises a positive displacement pump.

A process for preparation of a polymer product comprising the steps of i) feeding an aqueous mixture comprising a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer or a mixture of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers into a first reactor device (2) through at least one inlet; ii) partially polymerizing the monomer or monomers and transferring the polymerizing monomer or mixture of monomers from the inlet to an outlet (3) of the first reactor device (2) to provide a partially polymerized product; iii) flowing the partially polymerized product out of the outlet (3), in which no more than 60% of the monomer or mixture of monomers has been polymerized in the partially polymerized product as it exits the outlet (3) of first reactor device (2), and transferring it to a further reactor device (5), in which the further reactor device (5) has an inlet and an outlet (6);
iv) continuing the polymerization in the further reactor device (5) and removing the polymer product from the outlet (6) of the further reactor device (5),
characterized in that the first reactor device (2) comprises a positive displacement pump.