A novel bio-based superabsorbent polymer material based on a proteinaceous natural polymer is introduced herein. There is further disclosed a method for the manufacture of such a bio-based crosslinked superabsorbent polymer material. The method includes, but not limited to, introducing polymerizable unsaturated groups onto the natural polymer or its derivative so as to yield a macromonomer. The macromonomer can be formed by covalently binding unsaturated carbon-carbon double bonds to a proteinaceous substrate through a reaction of a selected chemical compound and the amino group on the proteinaceous substrate. The macromonomer is then copolymerized with unsaturated co-monomer(s) to form a crosslinked superabsorbent material.

A first curable composition has flowability and include a photopolymerizable group-containing silicone compound (A), a photopolymerization initiator, a photoacid generator and at least one kind of metal compound selected from the group consisting of metal carbonates, metal hydroxides and metal oxides. This curable composition provides a temporary bonding material capable of easily temporarily bonding a component part and a substrate, without trapping an air bubble in a temporary bonding surface of the component, and allowing easy separation of the component part and the substrate after performing various processing on the component part.

A novel bio-based superabsorbent polymer material based on a proteinaceous natural polymer is introduced herein. There is further disclosed a method for the manufacture of such a bio-based crosslinked superabsorbent polymer material. The method includes, but not limited to, introducing polymerizable unsaturated groups onto the natural polymer or its derivative so as to yield a macromonomer. The macromonomer can be formed by covalently binding unsaturated carbon-carbon double bonds to a proteinaceous substrate through a reaction of a selected chemical compound and the amino group on the proteinaceous substrate. The macromonomer is then copolymerized with unsaturated co-monomer(s) to form a crosslinked superabsorbent material.

A novel bio-based superabsorbent polymer material based on a proteinaceous natural polymer is introduced herein. There is further disclosed a method for the manufacture of such a bio-based crosslinked superabsorbent polymer material. The method includes, but not limited to, introducing polymerizable unsaturated groups onto the natural polymer or its derivative so as to yield a macromonomer. The macromonomer can be formed by covalently binding unsaturated carbon-carbon double bonds to a proteinaceous substrate through a reaction of a selected chemical compound and the amino group on the proteinaceous substrate. The macromonomer is then copolymerized with unsaturated co-monomer(s) to form a crosslinked superabsorbent material.

The phosphorylcholine group-containing polysiloxane monomer of the present invention is represented by the formula (1). In the formula, a represents an integer of 20 to 500, b represents an integer of 1 to 70, c represents an integer of 1 to 70, d represents 0 or 1, p and q each represent 0 or 1, X represents CH.sub.2 or CH.sub.2CH.sub.2, and R represents an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms. The present invention provides the phosphorylcholine group-containing polysiloxane monomer which gives, when copolymerized with a polymerizable monomer such as methacrylic acid or a hydrophilic monomer other than methacrylic acid, a polymer that exhibits surface hydrophilicity and sufficient stability as ophthalmic devices.

The phosphorylcholine group-containing polysiloxane monomer of the present invention is represented by the formula (1). In the formula, a represents an integer of 20 to 500, b represents an integer of 1 to 70, c represents an integer of 1 to 70, d represents 0 or 1, p and q each represent 0 or 1, X represents CH.sub.2 or CH.sub.2CH.sub.2, and R represents an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms. The present invention provides the phosphorylcholine group-containing polysiloxane monomer which gives, when copolymerized with a polymerizable monomer such as methacrylic acid or a hydrophilic monomer other than methacrylic acid, a polymer that exhibits surface hydrophilicity and sufficient stability as ophthalmic devices.

Provided are: a composition for forming an underlayer film for imprinting, which contains a high-molecular-weight compound having a polymerizable group, a chelating agent, and a solvent, and a method for producing the same; a kit including the composition for forming an underlayer film; a pattern producing method using the composition for forming an underlayer film; and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor element, which includes the pattern producing method as a step.

Provided is an optical film which can have favorable antiviral properties while suppressing deterioration of visibility. An antiviral optical film, including a resin layer containing a binder resin and an antiviral agent on at least one surface, wherein a surface of the resin layer has a developed interfacial area ratio Sdr specified in ISO 25178-2:2012 of 1.010.sup.5 or more and 1.510.sup.1 or less.

Provided is an optical film which can have favorable antiviral properties while suppressing deterioration of visibility. An antiviral optical film, including a resin layer containing a binder resin and an antiviral agent on at least one surface, wherein a surface of the resin layer has a developed interfacial area ratio Sdr specified in ISO 25178-2:2012 of 1.010.sup.5 or more and 1.510.sup.1 or less.