The invention relates to carbohydrate ligands and moieties, respectively, mimicking glycoepitopes comprised by glycosphingolipids of the nervous system, particularly glycoepitopes comprised by glycosphingolipids of the cerebroside, the globoside-, the ganglioside- and the sulfoglucuronyl paragloboside type, which are bound by anti-glycan antibodies associated with neurological diseases. The invention further relates to the use of these carbohydrate ligands/moieties, in diagnosis as well as for the treatment of neurological diseases associated with anti-glycan antibodies. In particular, the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) and (II) and to therapeutically acceptable polymers comprising a multitude of these compounds, including polymers with loading of one compound of formula (I) or (II) or combinations of several compounds of formula (I), and/or (II). The compounds of formula (I) are defined as: ##STR00001##
wherein
R.sup.I1 is Z or ##STR00002##
wherein
R.sup.I2 is H, SO.sub.3H, or ##STR00003## ##STR00004##
wherein
R.sup.I3 is H or ##STR00005##
wherein
R.sup.I4 is H or ##STR00006##
wherein
R.sup.I5 and R.sup.I6 are independently H or ##STR00007##
wherein
R.sup.I7 is H or ##STR00008##
and compounds of formula (II) are defined as: ##STR00009##
wherein
R.sup.II1 is Z or ##STR00010##
wherein
R.sup.II2 is Z or ##STR00011##
wherein Z is —N(R.sup.a)—A—B—CH.sub.2—(CH.sub.2).sub.q—SH, wherein
R.sup.a is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alky, C.sub.1-C.sub.4alkoxy, CH.sub.2C.sub.6H.sub.5, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2C.sub.6H.sub.5, OCH.sub.2C.sub.6H.sub.5, or OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2C.sub.6H.sub.5;
A is C.sub.1-C.sub.7-alkylene, C.sub.1-C.sub.7-alkoxy, C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl—(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.pO—C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl, or C.sub.1-C.sub.7-alkoxy-R.sup.b, wherein R.sup.b is an optionally substituted aryl or an optionally substituted heteroaryl, and wherein p is 0 to 6, preferably p is 1, 2 or 3, and further preferably p is 1;
B is NHC(O), S or CH.sub.2;
q is 0 to 6, preferably q is 1, 2, 3 or 4, and further preferably q is 1 or 2.

The invention relates to carbohydrate ligands and moieties, respectively, mimicking glycoepitopes comprised by glycosphingolipids of the nervous system, particularly glycoepitopes comprised by glycosphingolipids of the cerebroside, the globoside-, the ganglioside- and the sulfoglucuronyl paragloboside type, which are bound by anti-glycan antibodies associated with neurological diseases. The invention further relates to the use of these carbohydrate ligands/moieties, in diagnosis as well as for the treatment of neurological diseases associated with anti-glycan antibodies. In particular, the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) and (II) and to therapeutically acceptable polymers comprising a multitude of these compounds, including polymers with loading of one compound of formula (I) or (II) or combinations of several compounds of formula (I), and/or (II). The compounds of formula (I) are defined as: ##STR00001##
wherein
R.sup.I1 is Z or ##STR00002##
wherein
R.sup.I2 is H, SO.sub.3H, or ##STR00003## ##STR00004##
wherein
R.sup.I3 is H or ##STR00005##
wherein
R.sup.I4 is H or ##STR00006##
wherein
R.sup.I5 and R.sup.I6 are independently H or ##STR00007##
wherein
R.sup.I7 is H or ##STR00008##
and compounds of formula (II) are defined as: ##STR00009##
wherein
R.sup.II1 is Z or ##STR00010##
wherein
R.sup.II2 is Z or ##STR00011##
wherein Z is —N(R.sup.a)—A—B—CH.sub.2—(CH.sub.2).sub.q—SH, wherein
R.sup.a is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alky, C.sub.1-C.sub.4alkoxy, CH.sub.2C.sub.6H.sub.5, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2C.sub.6H.sub.5, OCH.sub.2C.sub.6H.sub.5, or OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2C.sub.6H.sub.5;
A is C.sub.1-C.sub.7-alkylene, C.sub.1-C.sub.7-alkoxy, C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl—(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.pO—C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl, or C.sub.1-C.sub.7-alkoxy-R.sup.b, wherein R.sup.b is an optionally substituted aryl or an optionally substituted heteroaryl, and wherein p is 0 to 6, preferably p is 1, 2 or 3, and further preferably p is 1;
B is NHC(O), S or CH.sub.2;
q is 0 to 6, preferably q is 1, 2, 3 or 4, and further preferably q is 1 or 2.

Techniques regarding guanidinium functionalized polylysine polymers that can have antimicrobial and/or anticancer activity are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can comprise a chemical composition, which can comprise a polymer comprising a molecular backbone covalently bonded to a pendent guanidinium functional group, wherein the molecular backbone can comprise a polylysine structure.

A method of preparing an acid reactive functionalized polyamide includes preparing a first reaction product by contacting and reacting virgin polyamide fabric material with tert-butoxide in a first aliquot of a polar aprotic solvent and preparing a second reaction product by adding an amine to a second aliquot of the polar aprotic solvent. A third reaction product is prepared by mixing the first reaction product and the second reaction product where the third reaction product is the acid reactive functionalized polyamide. The preparation of each respective reaction product is for a period of time and at a temperature sufficient to produce the respective reaction product.

A method of preparing an acid reactive functionalized polyamide includes preparing a first reaction product by contacting and reacting virgin polyamide fabric material with tert-butoxide in a first aliquot of a polar aprotic solvent and preparing a second reaction product by adding an amine to a second aliquot of the polar aprotic solvent. A third reaction product is prepared by mixing the first reaction product and the second reaction product where the third reaction product is the acid reactive functionalized polyamide. The preparation of each respective reaction product is for a period of time and at a temperature sufficient to produce the respective reaction product.

Provided are an ink composition, a light-emitting apparatus using the ink composition, and a method of manufacturing the light-emitting apparatus. The ink composition may include a light-emitting device, a solvent, and an organic thickener, and the organic thickener is a polymeric compound including at least one group represented by Formula 1:

##STR00001## wherein in Formula 1, X, R.sub.1, n1, and R.sub.2 may respectively be understood by referring to the descriptions of X, R.sub.1, n1, and R.sub.2 provided in the detailed description.

Provided are an ink composition, a light-emitting apparatus using the ink composition, and a method of manufacturing the light-emitting apparatus. The ink composition may include a light-emitting device, a solvent, and an organic thickener, and the organic thickener is a polymeric compound including at least one group represented by Formula 1:

##STR00001## wherein in Formula 1, X, R.sub.1, n1, and R.sub.2 may respectively be understood by referring to the descriptions of X, R.sub.1, n1, and R.sub.2 provided in the detailed description.

Provided is a polymer comprising a structure of Formula (1): (1) and a method of preparing said polymer. Also provided is a composition comprising the polymer and a nucleic acid and/or polypeptide, and a method of delivering a nucleic acid and/or polypeptide to a cell.

##STR00001##

Provided is a polymer comprising a structure of Formula (1): (1) and a method of preparing said polymer. Also provided is a composition comprising the polymer and a nucleic acid and/or polypeptide, and a method of delivering a nucleic acid and/or polypeptide to a cell.

##STR00001##

The invention relates to octadentate ligands of a general formula R.sup.1-D-X-D-X-D-X-D-E-R.sup.2, wherein D is C(O)N(OH) or N(OH)C(O), pyrimidinone or pyridinone, each X independently of any other X is a saturated or partially unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted linker comprising 8-11 atoms selected from any of N, C, O; R.sup.1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, arene, or heteroarene, E is a saturated or partially unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted chain comprising 1-50 atoms and R.sup.2 is a moiety capable of selectively binding to a biomolecule, or a nanoparticle. The invention further relates to complexes of the ligand, particularly radionuclides and their use in radioimmunotherapy and imaging.