Compositions that are curable to polythioether polymers are provided, comprising: a) a dithiol monomer; b) a diene monomer; c) a radical cleaved photoinitiator; d) a peroxide; and e) an amine; where the peroxide and amine together are a peroxide-amine redox initiator. In some embodiments, the amine is a tertiary amine. In some embodiments, the amine is selected from the group consisting of dihydroxyethyl-p-toluidine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, and N, N, N′, N″, N″-pentamethyl-diethylenetriamine. In some embodiments, the peroxide is selected from the group consisting of di-tert-butyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and benzoyl peroxide. In some embodiments, the composition may additionally comprise a polythiol monomer having three or more thiol groups.

Compositions that are curable to polythioether polymers are provided, comprising: a) a dithiol monomer; b) a diene monomer; c) a radical cleaved photoinitiator; d) a peroxide; and e) an amine; where the peroxide and amine together are a peroxide-amine redox initiator. In some embodiments, the amine is a tertiary amine. In some embodiments, the amine is selected from the group consisting of dihydroxyethyl-p-toluidine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, and N, N, N′, N″, N″-pentamethyl-diethylenetriamine. In some embodiments, the peroxide is selected from the group consisting of di-tert-butyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and benzoyl peroxide. In some embodiments, the composition may additionally comprise a polythiol monomer having three or more thiol groups.

Provided is a method for producing a polyarylene sulfide resin, the method including subjecting a dihaloaromatic compound and a sulfidizing agent to a polymerization reaction in the presence of an aliphatic cyclic compound having a ring openable by hydrolysis, in which corrosion of a production apparatus is suppressed. More particularly, provided is a method for producing a polyarylene sulfide resin, the method including a dehydration step (1) in which a water-containing sulfidizing agent and an aliphatic cyclic compound having a ring openable by hydrolysis are heated in the presence of a dihaloaromatic compound to a liquid temperature in the range of 90° C. or higher and 170° C. or lower under the atmospheric pressure, and then dehydration is performed while maintaining the liquid temperature and reducing the pressure to a pressure in the range of 30 [kPa abs] or higher and 80 [kPa abs] or lower to thus obtain a mixture.

Compositions that are curable by free radical redox reactions are disclosed. Free radical curing reactions between polythiols and polyalkyenyls are initiated by the reaction of metal complexes and organic peroxides. The compositions are useful as sealants.

Compositions that are curable by free radical redox reactions are disclosed. Free radical curing reactions between polythiols and polyalkyenyls are initiated by the reaction of metal complexes and organic peroxides. The compositions are useful as sealants.

In production of a polyarylene sulfide (PAS), combination/coalescence and enlargement of the PAS are prevented. A method for producing a PAS according to the present invention includes: first polymerization in which a mixture containing a sulfur source and a dihalo aromatic compound in an organic amide solvent is heated to initiate a polymerization reaction; second polymerization in which a first temperature (T.sub.1) is maintained after adding a phase separation agent to continue the reaction; third polymerization in which a second temperature (T.sub.2) is maintained to continue the reaction; and fourth polymerization in which the reaction is continued at a third temperature (T.sub.3), wherein a relationship among the temperatures is T.sub.1>T.sub.3>T.sub.2.

Process for the production of a liquid mercapto-terminated polythioethersulfide comprising the step of reacting, at a temperature in the range 0-100° C. and in the presence of a catalyst: at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (i) dimercapto-dioxa-alkanes (DMDAs) and (ii) glycol di(mercapto carboxylic acid ester)s (GDMEs), at least one dimercapto-dialkyl sulfide (DMDS) at least one di-epoxide, and optionally at least one branching agent selected from compounds having at least three terminal groups selected from epoxy and mercapto groups,
wherein the molar ratio (DMDA+GDME)/DMDS is in the range 1.1-4.0.

The present disclosure provides thionated polymers, comprising one or more aromatic groups and at least one S.sub.x group, wherein x is 1-200, wherein the thionated polymer comprises about 50% by weight or less, based on the weight of the thionated polymer, of substituents on the backbone of the thionated polymer that absorb at a wavelength of about 700 to about 6200 nm. Also provided are substrates such as films, glass substrates, and optical devices comprising a thionated polymer and processes for preparing a thionated polymer described herein.

A rubber composition for golf balls includes (a) a base rubber, (b) a co-crosslinking agent which is an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or a metal salt thereof, (c) a crosslinking initiator, (d) an alcohol and (e-1) an organosulfur, and the amount of component (d) is from 0.1 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the base rubber (a) and the organosulfur of component (e-1) is alkylphenoldisulfide polymers represented by the specific chemical formula. When the rubber composition is used in a golf ball having a core and a cover of one or more layers encasing the core, by setting the hardness difference in the core interior hardness profile to a large value while maintaining a desired core hardness, low spin properties can be manifested on golf ball shots, enabling the flight performance of the ball to be improved.

Adhesion-promoting compositions and the use of the adhesion-promoting compositions to provide adhesion-promoting interlayers to enhance adhesion between adjoining layers of sulfur-containing sealants are disclosed. In repair applications, the adhesion-promoting compositions can enhance the adhesion of an overlying radiation-curable sulfur-containing sealant to a damaged or aged sulfur-containing sealant.