Covalently cross-linked copolymers are described herein. More specifically, polysaccharide-polyamine copolymeric matrices or structures and cationic copolymeric matrices are described herein. The polysaccharide-polyamine copolymers, when protonated, can form cationic copolymeric matrices having exceptionally high densities of cationic sites. In one form, the covalently cross-linked copolymers provide a three-dimensional structure, especially when hydrated.

Disclosed are methods and systems that include obtaining at least one image of a dendritic structure, analyzing the at least one image to identify one or more features associated with the dendritic structure, and determining a numerical value associated with the dendritic structure based on the one or more features.

The invention relates to a microfabricated valve (10), comprising a first channel (11), a second channel (12) and a connection channel (13). The connection channel (13) connects the first channel (11) and the second channel (12). The microfabricated valve further comprises a valve portion (14) arranged within the connection channel (13), wherein the valve portion (14) is adapted to selectively open and close the connection channel (13). Moreover the invention relates to a method comprising the steps: inserting the first channel (11) into the first layer (21), inserting the second channel (12) into the third layer (23), inserting the connection channel (13) with the valve portion (14) into the second layer (22), and then arranging the second layer (22) between the first layer (21) and the third layer (23). The invention relates furthermore to a test device, in particular for a biological application and in particular a method for performing a biological test cycle.

A method for preparing comb structure temperature/pH-responsive polycarboxylic acid by end-group functionalization adopts temperature/pH-responsive monomer, unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbon, small monomer of carboxylic acid and other raw materials to prepare polycarboxylic acid material via self-polymerization, substitution and copolymerization. Temperature/pH-responsive monomers are first self-polymerized to obtain temperature/pH-responsive polymer chain with end-group functionalization, and then substitution with unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbons is conducted to obtain temperature/pH-responsive macromonomers with end-group functionalization, finally the obtained product is copolymerized with small carboxylic acid monomers to prepare comb structure polymer with polycarboxylic acid main chain and temperature/pH-responsive side chain.

The present invention relates to amphiphilic star-like polyether. The core molecule is an aliphatic hyperbranched polyether polyol, which is further alkoxylated, first with ethylene oxide or combinations of ethylene oxide and C.sub.3-C.sub.20 alkylene oxide, preferably propylene oxide, and/or glycidol, and then with a C.sub.3-C.sub.20 alkylene oxide, preferably propylene oxide, or combination of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, then optionally anionically modified. The resulting amphiphilic star-like polyether thus has an inner core based on an aliphatic hyperbranched polyether polyol, an inner shell predominantly containing polyethylene oxide units, the inner shell comprising at least 3 ethylene oxide units and an outer shell predominantly containing polypropylene oxide units, the outer shell comprising at least 3 propylene oxide units. They optionally contain anionic groups instead of hydroxyl groups on the periphery of the macromolecule. The invention further relates to their use as additive in laundry formulations and to their manufacturing process.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe carbocyclic pseudo Trger's base (CTB) amines. Embodiments of the present disclosure further describe microporous polymers derived from pseudo CTB amines, including, but not limited to, polyimides, CTB ladder polymers, and network porous polymers. Other embodiments describe a method of separating chemical species in a fluid composition comprising contacting a microporous polymer membrane with a fluid composition including at least two chemical species, wherein the microporous polymer membrane includes one or more of a ladder polymer of intrinsic microporosity, a microporous polyimide, and a microporous network polymer; and capturing at least one of the chemical species from the fluid composition.

Methods may include emplacing into a hydrocarbon production stream a composition containing an asphaltene inhibitor, wherein the asphaltene inhibitor includes the formula: ##STR00001##
wherein R1 is an alkyl chain having a carbon number in the range of greater than 40 to 200, R2 is a multiester group, R3 is hydrogen, an ion, or an alkyl chain having a carbon number in the range of 1 to 200, m is an integer selected from 0 to 4, and n is an integer selected from the range of 0 to 4, wherein the sum of m and n is 1 or greater.

Disclosed are methods and systems that include obtaining at least one image of a dendritic structure, analyzing the at least one image to identify one or more features associated with the dendritic structure, and determining a numerical value associated with the dendritic structure based on the one or more features.

Disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition for treating hyperuricemia (HUA). The pharmaceutical composition includes a polysaccharide-polyamine copolymer and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as active ingredients. The polysaccharide-polyamine copolymer is formed by copolymerization of the following two parts: a selectively oxidized polysaccharide with 2,3-dialdehydo, and a polyamine with an amino functional group; the polyamine with an amino functional group and the selectively oxidized polysaccharide with 2,3-dialdehydo can form a net structure by means of covalent crosslinking, resulting in a hydrogel with an amino functional group or a granular polysaccharide-polyamine copolymer, wherein the amino functional group in the hydrogel with an amino functional group or the granular polysaccharide-polyamine copolymer can be protonated so as to form a cationic copolymer of a three-dimensional network structure having a protonated site, and the nitrogen content of the cationic copolymer and the nitrogen content of the polysaccharide-polyamine copolymer are above 12.3 wt %, and both the cationic copolymer and the polysaccharide-polyamine copolymer are water-insoluble.

Disclosed are compositions comprising polymeric nanoparticles and methods of using the same. The polymeric nanopartides can be conjugated with a targeting ligand that is a substrate for a solid tumor-specific cell protein. The polymeric nanoparticles can also comprises an imaging compound and/or a therapeutic agent encapsulated in the hydrophobic interior of the nanoparticle. A cancer therapeutic composition comprising the nanoparticle is also disclosed. The disclosed nanoparticles can be used to target and deliver imaging and/or therapueitc compounds to cancer cells, thereby identifying and/or treating a solid tumor cell target. Methods for treating cancer, such as lung cancer, using the polymeric nanoparticles are also disclosed.