A process of utilizing a light generating microcapsule to cure a photo-curable material includes dispersing a microcapsule in an interface material that includes a photo-initiator and a photo-curable material. The process also includes applying a stimulus to the microcapsule to trigger a chemiluminescent reaction within the microcapsule. The chemiluminescent reaction generating a photon having a wavelength within a particular emission range that is consistent with an absorption range of the photo-initiator. The photon generated within the microcapsule exits the microcapsule into the interface material to trigger the photo-initiator to initiate or catalyze curing of the photo-curable material.

A polymerizable composition for forming an ion-exchange resin precursor, the polymerizable composition containing a monomer component and polyethylene particles in an amount of 50 to 120 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the monomer component, wherein the monomer component contains an aromatic monomer for introducing ion-exchange groups and a nitrogen-containing aliphatic monomer, the nitrogen-containing aliphatic monomer being present in an amount of 10 to 35% by mass in said monomer component. An ion-exchange membrane is produced by applying the polymerizable composition onto a polyolefin type filament base material and polymerizing the polymerizable composition to form an ion-exchange resin precursor and, thereafter, introducing ion-exchange groups into the precursor.

A bipolar membrane in which a cation-exchange membrane and an anion-exchange membrane are joined to each other, wherein a leakage ratio of gluconic acid at 60 C. is not more than 1.0%, and the cation-exchange membrane is supported by a polyolefin reinforcing member and, further, contains a polyvinyl chloride.

The present invention relates to a high performance cross-linked triblock cationic functionalized polymer for electrochemical applications, and methods of making and using the same. The invention also relates to a tunable hydrogenated polymer, that can be functionalized with a particular cation for a particular application, and the method of making the hydrogenated polymer and tuning the hydrogenated polymer for the application.

Disclosed is a gel material having a high water content and excellent mechanical properties. The gel material includes repeating units derived from the following monomers (A) and (B): (A) an anionic monomer containing a polymerizable carbon-carbon multiple bond and an aromatic ring, and (B) a cationic monomer containing a polymerizable carbon-carbon multiple bond and an aromatic ring. The gel material has a water content of 20% by mass to 95% by mass, a tensile elastic modulus of 9 MPa to 1000 MPa, and a tensile elongation at break of 50% to 5000%.

Embodiments of the present invention relate to methods for preparing high optical density solutions of nanoparticle, such as nanoplates, silver nanoplates or silver platelet nanoparticles, and to the solutions and substrates prepared by the methods. The process can include the addition of stabilizing agents (e.g., chemical or biological agents bound or otherwise linked to the nanoparticle surface) that stabilize the nanoparticle before, during, and/or after concentration, thereby allowing for the production of a stable, high optical density solution of silver nanoplates. The process can also include increasing the concentration of silver nanoplates within the solution, and thus increasing the solution optical density.

The present invention relates to a process for grafting polymers onto a metallic material, comprising the following steps: a) oxidation of the surface of the metallic material, resulting in an oxidized metallic material; b) grafting of a polymer at the surface of said oxidized metallic material by radical polymerization of a monomer, said radical polymerization comprising an initiation step and a propagation step, said initiation step being carried out by UV irradiation with a UV source diffusing a power at the surface of the material of greater than 72 mW.Math.cm.sup.2, said UV irradiation being carried out for a duration greater than 15 minutes and less than 180 minutes, said process resulting in a grafted metallic material. The present invention also relates to the materials capable of being obtained by this process, and applications of the latter, in particular as articular or dental implants.

The disclosure provides for dynamic polymers based on silyl ether exchange that are malleable and recyclable which have favorable mechanical properties and chemical resistance, methods of making thereof, and uses and applications thereof.

The present disclosure provides a polymer protecting layer, a lithium metal negative electrode, a lithium secondary battery. In the lithium secondary battery of the present disclosure, a polymer protecting layer comprising a polymer ionic liquid is coated on a surface of a lithium metal sheet.

An optical compensation film with unique retardation including a compatible blend of a positive birefringent (C+) component, a negative birefringent (C?) component and a compatibilizing component may be prepared as follows: a block copolymer is prepared containing one of the birefringent materials, for example a negative birefringent material, and a less birefringent component. The copolymer is then blended with the second birefringent material, for example a positive birefringent material to form a compatible blend, even though the two birefringent materials are not compatible. The less birefringent component of the copolymer does not have to be compatible with the birefringent component in the copolymer. These films display unique retardation properties and can be used to improve the performance of optical devices such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs), organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays, in-plane switching mode LCDs (IPS-LCD), 3D glasses, optical switches, and waveguides where controlled light management is desirable.