There is provided a method of coating a substrate comprising applying a first mixture where the first mixture reacts to form covalent bonds to the substrate surface and where the unreacted parts of the first mixture undergo diffusive mixing with a second layer, which is applied on top of the first mixture. This avoids creation of a weak layer, which may otherwise give lower adhesion. The adhesion as well as mechanical properties including the scratch resistance are improved.

Covalently linked linear polyethylenimine (PEI) clusters are provided that change conformation depending upon changes in counterion concentrations. The structures may be used for the storage, delivery, and/or transport of substances.

In a method for producing a fiber-reinforced resin molded body (10) by heat-compressing fiber substrates (11A to 11D) together with a thermosetting resin (15) so that the thermosetting resin (15) is impregnated into the fiber substrates (11A to 11D) and cured, a thermosetting resin powder (15A) is disposed in contact with at least one surface of the fiber substrates (11A to 11D), the fiber substrates (11A to 11D) are heat-compressed together with the thermosetting resin powder (15A) by a mold (30) so that the thermosetting resin powder (15A) is melted, impregnated into the fiber substrates (11A to 11D), and cured. Also disclosed is a fiber-reinforced resin molded body as well as a vehicle or airframe including a fiber-reinforced resin molded body.

The present invention discloses a sound absorption material including an organic frame material; a binder; a thickener; and a plurality of sound absorption grains attached to the organic frame material via the binder, having a grain size in a range of 10-100 μm. The stability and the sound absorption performance of the sound absorption material have been effectively improved.

A high-performance triple-crosslinked polymer and a preparation method thereof are provided. The polymer is obtained by curing and cross-linking a monomer having two epoxy groups, a cross-linking monomer and a functional monomer. The polymer contains a cross-linking network formed by covalent bonds and two types of multi-level hydrogen bonds with different strengths. The interaction strength between the covalent bonds and the two types of hydrogen bonds decreases in a gradient. The dilemma of the strength-ductility tradeoff in a high-performance polymer is overcome by forming a triple-crosslinked network with covalent bonds and multi-level hydrogen bonds with different strengths in the polymer. The dynamic and hierarchical hydrogen bonds are broken and recombined timely and continuously to concurrently maintain the complete structure of the polymer network and enable the polymer network to quickly respond to the transmission and dissipation of the external environment.

Antibacterial coatings and methods of making the antibacterial coatings are described herein. A first branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) layer is formed and a first glyoxal layer is formed on a surface of the BPEI layer. The first BPEI layer and the first glyoxal layer are cured to form a crosslinked BPEI coating. The first BPEI layer can be modified with superhydrophobic moieties, superhydrophilic moieties, or negatively charged moieties to increase the antifouling characteristics of the coating. The first BPEI layer can be modified with contact-killing bactericidal moieties to increase the bactericidal characteristics of the coating.

The present application relates to a curable composition. The present application provides a curable composition comprising an internal heat source for generating heat by application of an alternate-current magnetic field from the outside, together with a phthalonitrile compound and a curing agent therefor. The curable composition can precisely control the heat generated from the internal heat source according to the strength of the alternate-current magnetic field to precisely control curing conditions of the curable composition.

Antibacterial coatings and methods of making the antibacterial coatings are described herein. A first branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) layer is formed and a first glyoxal layer is formed on a surface of the BPEI layer. The first BPEI layer and the first glyoxal layer are cured to form a crosslinked BPEI coating. The first BPEI layer can be modified with superhydrophobic moieties, superhydrophilic moieties, or negatively charged moieties to increase the antifouling characteristics of the coating. The first BPEI layer can be modified with contact-killing bactericidal moieties to increase the bactericidal characteristics of the coating.

Provided herein is a polymer composition comprising a polyhydroxyamino ether (e.g., a crosslinked polyhydroxyamino ether) and printed circuit boards comprising the same.

Anion exchange polymers having high OH.sup.− conductivity, chemical stability, and mechanical stability have been developed for use in AEMs. The anion exchange polymers have stable hydrophobic polymer backbones, stable hydrophilic quaternary ammonium cationic groups, and hydrophilic phenolic hydroxyl groups on the polymer side chains. The polymers have polymer backbones free of ether bonds, hydrophilic polymer side chains, and piperidinium ion-conducting functionality, which enables efficient and stable operation in water or CO.sub.2 electrolysis, redox flow battery, and fuel cell applications. The polymer comprises a plurality of repeating units of formula (I)

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Anion exchange membranes and membrane electrode assemblies incorporating the anion exchange polymers are also described.