A composition comprising a polyimide or a precursor thereof including a tetracarboxylic dianhydride residue and an amine residue having at least one aromatic group, and a clay mineral modified with an organic cation having at least one aromatic group, wherein the content of the clay mineral with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyimide or a precursor thereof is more than 3.0 parts to 10 parts by mass, and wherein the cured product is colorless and transparent, or a polyimide film having a coefficient of linear expansion of 10 ppm or less, a glass transition temperature of 450° C. or more, a Yellow index of 10 or less, and a total light transmittance of 80% or more.

An acrylic rubber that is a copolymer in which 1 to 4 wt. % of a reactive halogen group-containing vinyl monomer is copolymerized as a crosslinkable comonomer, wherein 45 to 65 wt. % of n-butyl acrylate, 10 to 35 wt. % of 2-methoxyethyl acrylate and 8 to 30 wt. % of ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate are copolymerized in 100 wt. % of comonomers other than the crosslinkable comonomer. This ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate-copolymerized acrylic rubber can suppress the reduction of oil resistance while improving cold resistance represented by a TR-10 value, and by compounding it with a vulcanizing agent corresponding to the crosslinkable group thereof, a crosslinkable composition is formed.

An acrylic rubber that is a copolymer in which 1 to 4 wt. % of a reactive halogen group-containing vinyl monomer is copolymerized as a crosslinkable comonomer, wherein 45 to 65 wt. % of n-butyl acrylate, 10 to 35 wt. % of 2-methoxyethyl acrylate and 8 to 30 wt. % of ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate are copolymerized in 100 wt. % of comonomers other than the crosslinkable comonomer. This ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate-copolymerized acrylic rubber can suppress the reduction of oil resistance while improving cold resistance represented by a TR-10 value, and by compounding it with a vulcanizing agent corresponding to the crosslinkable group thereof, a crosslinkable composition is formed.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a palladium plating solution and a plating method for improving a bath stability of a palladium plating, without decreasing a deposition property of the palladium plating. A palladium plating solution for improving a bath stability, without decreasing a deposition property, comprising: an aqueous palladium compound: one or more complexing agent containing a compound having at least an ethylenediamine or a propylenediamine skeleton; a formic acid or a formate; and a sulfur compound, wherein the palladium plating solution is having two or more sulfide groups in a molecule of the sulfur compound.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a palladium plating solution and a plating method for improving a bath stability of a palladium plating, without decreasing a deposition property of the palladium plating. A palladium plating solution for improving a bath stability, without decreasing a deposition property, comprising: an aqueous palladium compound: one or more complexing agent containing a compound having at least an ethylenediamine or a propylenediamine skeleton; a formic acid or a formate; and a sulfur compound, wherein the palladium plating solution is having two or more sulfide groups in a molecule of the sulfur compound.

A composition for seeded polymerization includes: a compound having dithioate; a mercaptan compound; an aromatic vinyl monomer; and a conjugated diene monomer.

A process for preparing a crosslinked fluoropolymer film, including the successive steps of: (1) formulating an ink containing: (a) the product of the reaction of triethylamine with at least one fluorinated copolymer obtained by radical copolymerization of monomers including: (i) vinylidene fluoride (VDF), (ii) trifluoroethylene (TrFE), (iii) at least one chlorinated monomer of formula —CXCl═CX.sub.1X.sub.2 where X, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 independently denote H, F or CF.sub.3, wherein at most one of X, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 denotes CF.sub.3; (b) at least one crosslinking agent; (c) at least one photoinitiator; and (d) at least one organic solvent; (2) applying said ink in film form to a substrate; and (3) UV-irradiating said film. Also, the film capable of being obtained according to this process, and also to the uses thereof, in particular in the manufacture of (opto)electronic devices and more particularly in the manufacture of a gate dielectric layer in a field-effect transistor.

A process for preparing a crosslinked fluoropolymer film, including the successive steps of: (1) formulating an ink containing: (a) the product of the reaction of triethylamine with at least one fluorinated copolymer obtained by radical copolymerization of monomers including: (i) vinylidene fluoride (VDF), (ii) trifluoroethylene (TrFE), (iii) at least one chlorinated monomer of formula —CXCl═CX.sub.1X.sub.2 where X, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 independently denote H, F or CF.sub.3, wherein at most one of X, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 denotes CF.sub.3; (b) at least one crosslinking agent; (c) at least one photoinitiator; and (d) at least one organic solvent; (2) applying said ink in film form to a substrate; and (3) UV-irradiating said film. Also, the film capable of being obtained according to this process, and also to the uses thereof, in particular in the manufacture of (opto)electronic devices and more particularly in the manufacture of a gate dielectric layer in a field-effect transistor.

The present invention relates to a composition comprising at least one sulfonated surfactant composition and one or more multi-arm star macromolecules having a core and a plurality of polymeric arms, and methods of preparing and using the same. In one aspect of the invention, this composition is capable of increasing the viscosity, and/or temperature-stability to an aqueous system.

The present invention provides a tread rubber composition that is excellent in wet grip performance during the initial phase of running and tensile properties, and a pneumatic tire including the tread rubber composition. The present invention relates to a tread rubber composition containing: a diene rubber; silica; and sulfur and/or a sulfur-containing compound, the tread rubber composition satisfying the following relationships (1) to (3):
EB/M300≥50  (1);
M100≥1.7 MPa  (2); and
EB≥500%  (3).