The present invention provides a polishing composition with which it is possible to decrease a level difference to be unintentionally generated between dissimilar materials and a level difference to be unintentionally generated between coarse and dense portions of a pattern. The present invention relates to a polishing composition which contains abrasive grains having an average primary particle size of 5 to 50 nm, a level difference modifier containing a compound with a specific structure, having an aromatic ring and a sulfo group or a salt group thereof which is directly bonded to this aromatic ring, and a dispersing medium and of which the pH is less than 7.

A method of synthesizing a water-dispersible conductive polymeric composite comprising mixing an aqueous suspension comprising optionally substituted azulene monomers and a dopant precursor such as polystyrene sulfonic acid with an oxidizing agent and a catalyst to form a doped poly(azulene) suspension wherein the poly(azulene)/dopant molar ratio is 1:1 to 1:6. The doped poly(azulene) suspension is then contacted with acidic and basic resins to remove the oxidizing agent and catalyst. The resulting suspension is then filtered through a membrane such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to afford a purified suspension comprising the water-dispersible conductive polymeric composite. A water-dispersible conductive polymeric composite comprising an optionally substituted poly(azulene) doped by a dopant such as polystyrene sulfonate wherein the poly(azulene)/dopant molar ratio is 1:1 to 1:6 is also disclosed.

A method of synthesizing a water-dispersible conductive polymeric composite comprising mixing an aqueous suspension comprising optionally substituted azulene monomers and a dopant precursor such as polystyrene sulfonic acid with an oxidizing agent and a catalyst to form a doped poly(azulene) suspension wherein the poly(azulene)/dopant molar ratio is 1:1 to 1:6. The doped poly(azulene) suspension is then contacted with acidic and basic resins to remove the oxidizing agent and catalyst. The resulting suspension is then filtered through a membrane such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to afford a purified suspension comprising the water-dispersible conductive polymeric composite. A water-dispersible conductive polymeric composite comprising an optionally substituted poly(azulene) doped by a dopant such as polystyrene sulfonate wherein the poly(azulene)/dopant molar ratio is 1:1 to 1:6 is also disclosed.

The present invention is generally related to various types of compositions that comprise a polyindane resin. In particular, the polyindane resins may be utilized in various polymer-based and elastomer-based formulations in order to enhance several properties and characteristics of those formulations. More specifically, elastomeric compositions are provided that comprise at least one polyindane resin, which may be used to replace or enhance the functionality of existing hydrocarbon resins used in elastomeric formulations. The elastomeric compositions may be used to produce various tire components.

A cationic curable composition that generates a silanol group by light irradiation and is cured by heat, the cationic curable composition including: a cationic curable component; porous particles holding an aluminum chelate; and a photodegradable silicon compound that generates a silanol group by photodegradation.

The optical lens of the present invention contains a molded product constituted with a cyclic olefin-based copolymer having a constitutional unit (A) derived from an -olefin having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a constitutional unit (B) derived from a cyclic olefin, and a constitutional unit (C) derived from an aromatic vinyl compound represented by a specific chemical formula.

The optical lens of the present invention contains a molded product constituted with a cyclic olefin-based copolymer having a constitutional unit (A) derived from an -olefin having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a constitutional unit (B) derived from a cyclic olefin, and a constitutional unit (C) derived from an aromatic vinyl compound represented by a specific chemical formula.

Provided is a method of preparing a superabsorbent polymer. More specifically, provided is a method of preparing a superabsorbent polymer capable of exhibiting improved initial absorbency and a rapid absorption rate by polymerizing monomers having acidic groups, of which part is neutralized with a basic material including potassium hydroxide, in the presence of an encapsulated foaming agent.

Provided is a method of preparing a superabsorbent polymer. More specifically, provided is a method of preparing a superabsorbent polymer capable of exhibiting improved initial absorbency and a rapid absorption rate by polymerizing monomers having acidic groups, of which part is neutralized with a basic material including potassium hydroxide, in the presence of an encapsulated foaming agent.

The invention involves functionalizing polymeric beads, such as DVB beads, to add an epoxide or aldehyde group. The resulting beads are useful in various applications.