The present disclosure relates to porphyrin small molecules that can be represented by, e.g., a compound of Formula IV designed and synthesized for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs). Provided are synthesized materials with strong and ordered self-assembly property, leading to form bi-continuous, interpenetrating networks which are required for efficient charge separation and transport in organic solar cells. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cells devices based on the embodiments of the present disclosure have the highest PCE among the solution-processed BHJ solar cell based on porphyrin small molecules to date. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure relates to porphyrin small molecules that can be represented by, e.g., a compound of Formula IV designed and synthesized for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs). Provided are synthesized materials with strong and ordered self-assembly property, leading to form bi-continuous, interpenetrating networks which are required for efficient charge separation and transport in organic solar cells. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cells devices based on the embodiments of the present disclosure have the highest PCE among the solution-processed BHJ solar cell based on porphyrin small molecules to date. ##STR00001##

Provided is a photoelectric conversion element including: a first electrode that includes a photosensitive layer containing a light absorbing agent on a conductive support; and a second electrode that is opposite to the first electrode. The light absorbing agent includes a compound having a perovskite-type crystal structure that includes a cation of an element of Group 1 in the periodic table or a cationic organic group A, a cation of a metal atom M other than the element of Group 1 in the periodic table, and an anion of an anionic atom or atomic group X. A hole transport layer, which includes a hole transporting material, is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode. The hole transporting material includes a compound represented by any one of the following Formulae (1) to (4).

##STR00001##

Provided is a photoelectric conversion element including: a first electrode that includes a photosensitive layer containing a light absorbing agent on a conductive support; and a second electrode that is opposite to the first electrode. The light absorbing agent includes a compound having a perovskite-type crystal structure that includes a cation of an element of Group 1 in the periodic table or a cationic organic group A, a cation of a metal atom M other than the element of Group 1 in the periodic table, and an anion of an anionic atom or atomic group X. A hole transport layer, which includes a hole transporting material, is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode. The hole transporting material includes a compound represented by any one of the following Formulae (1) to (4).

##STR00001##

An organic light-emitting device includes a first electrode and a second electrode facing the first electrode. An organic layer is between the first electrode and the second electrode. The organic layer includes an emission layer. A hole transport region is between the first electrode and the emission layer. A first auxiliary layer is between the hole transport region and the emission layer. The first auxiliary layer includes a first compound represented by Formula 1

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The present invention relates to the use of aromatic boronic acid or borinic acid derivatives in organic electronic devices, in particular electroluminescent devices.

The present invention relates to the use of aromatic boronic acid or borinic acid derivatives in organic electronic devices, in particular electroluminescent devices.

The present disclosure relates to porphyrin small molecules substitutes designed and synthesized for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs). Provided are synthesized materials with strong and ordered self-assembly property, leading to form bi-continuous, interpenetrating networks which are required for efficient charge separation and transport in organic solar cells. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cells devices based on the embodiments of the present disclosure have the highest PCE among the solution-processed BHJ solar cell based on porphyrin small molecules up to date.

The present invention provides a novel stable benzo[a]naphtho[2,1-c]tetracene compound and an organic light-emitting device including the compound. Provided is an organic compound represented by Formula [1]. ##STR00001##
In Formula [1], R.sub.1 to R.sub.16 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cyano group, a diphenylamino group, a pyridyl group, and an aryl group.

The present invention provides a novel stable benzo[a]naphtho[2,1-c]tetracene compound and an organic light-emitting device including the compound. Provided is an organic compound represented by Formula [1]. ##STR00001##
In Formula [1], R.sub.1 to R.sub.16 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cyano group, a diphenylamino group, a pyridyl group, and an aryl group.