Described herein are polymer-encapsulated materials and a method for encapsulating materials with polymer via emulsion polymerization. The encapsulated materials include colorants (e.g., pigments and dyes, and in particular fluorescent dyes), optical brighteners, downconverters and upconverters. The encapsulated materials are produced by the emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The polymer-encapsulation method described herein does not require the preparation of a miniemulsion homogenized with special equipment, such as an ultrasonification device, and the resulting polymer-encapsulated materials exhibit optical properties superior to polymer-encapsulated materials prepared by processes that include the preparation of a miniemulsion prepared with such special equipment, such as an ultrasonification device.

The invention relates to a cyanoaryl-substituted naphthoylene benzimidazole compound of formula (I):

##STR00001##

or a mixture thereof. At least one of the radicals R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 independently of each other is an aryl, which carries one, two, or three cyano groups and 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 substituents R.sup.Ar; and the remaining radicals independently of each other are hydrogen or an aryl, which is unsubstituted or carries 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 substituents R.sup.Ar. The invention also relates to the use of the compound in a color converter, to the color converter, to the use of the color converter, and to a lighting device containing at least one LED and at least one color converter.

The invention relates to a cyanoaryl-substituted naphthoylene benzimidazole compound of formula (I):

##STR00001##

or a mixture thereof. At least one of the radicals R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 independently of each other is an aryl, which carries one, two, or three cyano groups and 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 substituents R.sup.Ar; and the remaining radicals independently of each other are hydrogen or an aryl, which is unsubstituted or carries 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 substituents R.sup.Ar. The invention also relates to the use of the compound in a color converter, to the color converter, to the use of the color converter, and to a lighting device containing at least one LED and at least one color converter.

The present invention relates to a method for the deposition of at least one layer of an organic material on a substrate by (a) providing a source of a solid organic material in an atmosphere at a pressure comprised between 50 and 200 kPa, (b) heating said organic material to a first temperature to produce a vapor of said organic material, (c) exposing at least one surface of a substrate having a second temperature lower than said first temperature to said vapor to deposit organic material from said vapor onto said at least one surface of said substrate.

The present invention relates to a method for the deposition of at least one layer of an organic material on a substrate by (a) providing a source of a solid organic material in an atmosphere at a pressure comprised between 50 and 200 kPa, (b) heating said organic material to a first temperature to produce a vapor of said organic material, (c) exposing at least one surface of a substrate having a second temperature lower than said first temperature to said vapor to deposit organic material from said vapor onto said at least one surface of said substrate.

An electro-polarizable compound has the following general formula: ##STR00001## where Core1 is an aromatic polycyclic conjugated molecule having two-dimensional flat form and self-assembling by pi-pi stacking in a column-like supramolecule, which is tetrapirolic macro-cyclic fragment, R1 is an dopant group connected to Core1, m is number of R1 which is equal to 1, 2, 3 or 4, R2 is a substituent comprising one or more ionic groups, p is number of R2 which is equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. The fragment marked NLE containing the Core1 with at least one R1 has a nonlinear effect of polarization. Core2 is an electro-conductive oligomer self-assembling by pi-pi stacking in a column-like supramolecule, n is number of Core2 which is equal to 2, or 4, R3 is a substituent comprising one or more ionic groups, s is number of R3 which is equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. R4 is a non-polar resistive substituent, k is a number of R4 which is equal to 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.

An electro-polarizable compound has the following general formula: ##STR00001## where Core1 is an aromatic polycyclic conjugated molecule having two-dimensional flat form and self-assembling by pi-pi stacking in a column-like supramolecule, which is tetrapirolic macro-cyclic fragment, R1 is an dopant group connected to Core1, m is number of R1 which is equal to 1, 2, 3 or 4, R2 is a substituent comprising one or more ionic groups, p is number of R2 which is equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. The fragment marked NLE containing the Core1 with at least one R1 has a nonlinear effect of polarization. Core2 is an electro-conductive oligomer self-assembling by pi-pi stacking in a column-like supramolecule, n is number of Core2 which is equal to 2, or 4, R3 is a substituent comprising one or more ionic groups, s is number of R3 which is equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. R4 is a non-polar resistive substituent, k is a number of R4 which is equal to 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.

An electro-polarizable compound having the following formula (I): ##STR00001##
where Core1 is an aromatic polycyclic conjugated molecule having two-dimensional flat form and self-assembling by pi-pi stacking in a column-like supramolecule comprising one or more rylene fragments, R1 is an electron donor group connected to Core1 and R1 is an electron acceptor group connected to the Core1, m is number of acceptor group R1, m is a number of donor group R, m and m are equal to 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, wherein m and m are not both equal to 0, R2 is a substituent comprising one or more ionic groups from a class of ionic compounds that form ionic liquids connected to the Core1-directly or via a connecting group, p is a number of ionic groups R2 which is equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; wherein the fragment marked NLE containing the Core1 with at least one group R1 and/or R1 has a nonlinear effect of polarization, wherein Core2 is an electro-conductive oligomer, n is a number equal to 0, 2, or 4, R3 is a substituent comprising one or more ionic groups from a class of ionic compounds that form ionic liquids connected to the Core2 directly or via a connecting group, s is a number of the ionic groups R3 which is equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; wherein R4 is a non-conjugate cyclic or polycyclic resistive substituent electrically insulating the column-like supramolecules from each other and connected to the aromatic polycyclic conjugated molecule (Core1) and/or to the Core2 directly or via a connecting group, k is a number of substituents R4 which is equal to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.

An electro-polarizable compound having the following formula (I): ##STR00001##
where Core1 is an aromatic polycyclic conjugated molecule having two-dimensional flat form and self-assembling by pi-pi stacking in a column-like supramolecule comprising one or more rylene fragments, R1 is an electron donor group connected to Core1 and R1 is an electron acceptor group connected to the Core1, m is number of acceptor group R1, m is a number of donor group R, m and m are equal to 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, wherein m and m are not both equal to 0, R2 is a substituent comprising one or more ionic groups from a class of ionic compounds that form ionic liquids connected to the Core1-directly or via a connecting group, p is a number of ionic groups R2 which is equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; wherein the fragment marked NLE containing the Core1 with at least one group R1 and/or R1 has a nonlinear effect of polarization, wherein Core2 is an electro-conductive oligomer, n is a number equal to 0, 2, or 4, R3 is a substituent comprising one or more ionic groups from a class of ionic compounds that form ionic liquids connected to the Core2 directly or via a connecting group, s is a number of the ionic groups R3 which is equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; wherein R4 is a non-conjugate cyclic or polycyclic resistive substituent electrically insulating the column-like supramolecules from each other and connected to the aromatic polycyclic conjugated molecule (Core1) and/or to the Core2 directly or via a connecting group, k is a number of substituents R4 which is equal to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.

The present invention relates to a color converter comprising a polymeric matrix material comprising at least one 2,5-furandicarboxylate polyester and at least one luminescent material and to the use of said color converter. The present invention also relates to a polymer mixture comprising at least one 2,5-furandicarboxylate polyester and at least one luminescent material, to a lighting device comprising at least one LED and said color converter and to a device producing electric power upon illumination comprising photovoltaic cell and said color converter.