This is generally a method of producing dispersed high quality engineered composite structures using flat flakes of graphene/graphene oxides/reduced graphene oxides in a host as the reinforcing additive of the composite.

A suction nozzle is disclosed. The suction nozzle includes zirconia-based ceramics. The ceramics includes first grains and second grains. The first grains each contain zirconia, and the second grains each contain a black-colored component. The suction nozzle includes a suction face and a suction hole. The suction hole is in communication with the suction face. In the suction face, an area ratio of an area occupied by the second grains to a measurement face obtained by polishing the suction face is greater than or equal to 17% but less than or equal to 34%. A number of the second grains in an area of 90 m.sup.2 in the measurement face is greater than or equal to 150 but less than or equal to 250.

A zirconia sintered body that suppresses discoloration due to porcelain. The zirconia sintered body contains at least one of a coloring agent A, which is erbium oxide and a coloring agent B, which is nickel oxide, and contains a composite oxide of zirconium and vanadium. A composition, containing zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, and a coloring agent, where the coloring agent contains at least one of a coloring agent A, which is erbium oxide and a coloring agent B, which is nickel oxide, and contains a coloring agent C, which is a composite oxide of zirconium and vanadium.

Latent colorant material compositions, soda-lime-silica glass compositions, and related methods of manufacturing color-strikable glass containers. The latent colorant material compositions may be introduced into a plurality of base glass compositions having redox numbers in the range of 40 to +20 to produce color-strikable glass compositions and color-strikable glass containers. The latent colorant material compositions introduced into the base glass compositions include a mixture of cuprous oxide (Cu.sub.2O), stannous oxide (SnO), bismuth oxide (Bi.sub.2O.sub.3), and carbon (C). After formation, the color-strikable glass containers may be heat-treated to strike red or black therein.

The invention relates to a process for preparing self-binding pigment particle suspensions, to a self-binding pigment particle suspension as well as to a paper product comprising self-binding pigment particles and to the use of the self-binding pigment particle suspension as filler material.

The present invention relates to a new Inorganic Blue pigments from Cobalt doped Magnesium having Transition Element Oxides and a process for the preparing the same. The present invention more particularly relates to the development of blue pigments, comprising oxides of alkaline earth, and transition metals of the general formula Mg.sub.1-xCo.sub.xWO.sub.4 (x=0.1 to 0.5), Mg.sub.1-xCo.sub.xN-bO.sub.6 (x=0.1 to 0.5), and Mg.sub.1-xCo.sub.xTiO.sub.3 (x=0.1 to 0.5) and well suited for colouring applications of a wide variety of substrates for example paints, varnishes, plastics, ceramics etc. Raw materials such as MgO, CoO and one of WO.sub.3, TiO.sub.2, Nb.sub.2O.sub.5 and are weighted in the stoichiometric ratio and calcined in the range 1100-1300 C. for 6-12 hrs duration in air atmosphere. The well ground calcined powders were used for characterization of the pigments. The phase purity and optical properties of the prepared pigments were investigated.

The invention relates to a process for preparing self-binding pigment particle suspensions, to a self-binding pigment particle suspension as well as to a paper product comprising self-binding pigment particles and to the use of the self-binding pigment particle suspension as filler material.

Frits or frit mixtures with pearlescent pigments for materials, such as ceramic glazes, which are stable above 1000 C.

A colored ceramic powder is produced from a mixture of coloring solutions consisting of metallic salts that are introduced to a ceramic slurry and subsequently dried. The coloring solution may comprise for example of chosen metallic salts, a solvent, an organic solvent such as derivatives of propylene oxides, an acid and a possible binder. Once all the constituents are thoroughly mixed to a homogeneous state, the slip is dried to a powder form, which spray drying equipment can be used. The dried powder can then be subjected to an isostatic or biaxial press manufacturing process to create a green state ceramic body. Once pressed, the ceramic body can be subjected to a sintering process. After final sinter, the resulting ceramic body possesses an innate color that is homogenous throughout its composition. The method is especially useful for coloring zirconia dental restorations.

There is provided a layered body that has gradations in translucency and color allowing the layered body to give an impression similar to that of natural teeth and with which the chipping of the surface layer (layer closer to the incisal edge of the dental restoration) can be reduced.

The layered body comprises a surface layer containing zirconia containing at least one stabilizing element and a composition-gradient layer composed of two or more unit layers. The unit layers each contain at least one coloring element and zirconia containing at least one stabilizing element, and the composition-gradient layer is constructed as a result of the unit layers being stacked in such a manner that the amount of the stabilizing element in the zirconia containing at least one stabilizing element contained in the composition-gradient layer remains unchanged or decreases from the surface layer toward the surface of the layered body opposite the surface layer. The amount of the stabilizing element in the zirconia containing at least one stabilizing element contained in the surface layer is smaller than the amount of the stabilizing element in the zirconia containing at least one stabilizing element contained in a first composition-gradient layer, which is one of the unit layers constituting the composition-gradient layer and is adjacent to the surface layer.