An over-print varnish formulation is described. The formulation comprises a non-ionic polyurethane dispersion; a water-soluble polymer of M.sub.w less than 55,000; a wax having a particle size (d.sub.50) 200 nm or less; and a water-soluble solvent, and at least 20 wt % solids, based on the total weight of the formulation. A method of printing using the formulation, and a printed article are also described.

An ink composition including a mixed solvent including a first solvent and a second solvent, and a light emitting material, wherein the first solvent and the second solvent each have a vapor pressure of about 1×10.sup.−4 or greater and a boiling point of about 270° C. or less. The ink composition according to an embodiment may be applied to forming an emission layer of a light emitting diode to provide a light emitting diode having increased efficiency.

An ink composition including a mixed solvent including a first solvent and a second solvent, and a light emitting material, wherein the first solvent and the second solvent each have a vapor pressure of about 1×10.sup.−4 or greater and a boiling point of about 270° C. or less. The ink composition according to an embodiment may be applied to forming an emission layer of a light emitting diode to provide a light emitting diode having increased efficiency.

An ink which comprises a water-insoluble colorant, a dispersant, a polymer resin, and water. The polymer resin is one of four monomers which are methacrylic acid and three monomers selected respectively from among C1- to C4-alkyl methacrylates, C6- to C10-alkyl acrylates, and unsaturated C2- to C4-alkyl methacrylates; and a reactive emulsifier having a radical-polymerizable double bond in the molecule. An ink-jet recording method in which the ink is used; a recording medium to which the ink has been adhered; and an ink-jet printer including a vessel filled with the ink.

An ink which comprises a water-insoluble colorant, a dispersant, a polymer resin, and water. The polymer resin is one of four monomers which are methacrylic acid and three monomers selected respectively from among C1- to C4-alkyl methacrylates, C6- to C10-alkyl acrylates, and unsaturated C2- to C4-alkyl methacrylates; and a reactive emulsifier having a radical-polymerizable double bond in the molecule. An ink-jet recording method in which the ink is used; a recording medium to which the ink has been adhered; and an ink-jet printer including a vessel filled with the ink.

The present disclosure describes multi-fluid kits for three-dimensional printing, three-dimensional printing kits, and methods of making three-dimensional printed articles. In one example, a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing can include a fusing agent, a hydrophobizing agent, and a hydrophilizing agent. The fusing agent can include water and an electromagnetic radiation absorber, wherein the electromagnetic radiation absorber absorbs radiation energy and converts the radiation energy to heat. The hydrophobizing agent can include water and a hydrophobic additive including a first polymer having a hydrophobic group, a monomer that is polymerizable to form a first polymer having a hydrophobic group, or a combination thereof. The hydrophilizing agent can include water and a hydrophilic additive including a second polymer having a hydrophilic group.

A display apparatus is provided to include: a first substrate on which a light-emitting device emitting light is located; and a main pixel including a first quantum dot layer; a sub-pixel including a second quantum dot layer, the main pixel and the sub-pixel corresponding to the light-emitting device and being located above the first substrate, wherein the main pixel and the sub-pixel are defined by banks, the main pixel changes a color of the light emitted by the light-emitting device, and the sub-pixel transmits the light emitted by the light-emitting device.

A display apparatus is provided to include: a first substrate on which a light-emitting device emitting light is located; and a main pixel including a first quantum dot layer; a sub-pixel including a second quantum dot layer, the main pixel and the sub-pixel corresponding to the light-emitting device and being located above the first substrate, wherein the main pixel and the sub-pixel are defined by banks, the main pixel changes a color of the light emitted by the light-emitting device, and the sub-pixel transmits the light emitted by the light-emitting device.

Disulfide-containing benzoxazine monomers of formula I

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Also a process for synthesizing a disulfide-containing benzoxazine monomer of formula I comprises the following steps consisting of providing a mixture comprising an amino disulfide compound:H.sub.2N—R—NH.sub.2, wherein R is as defined for the monomer of formula I, an aldehyde derivative; phenolic derivatives, stirring the mixture under a temperature of from 50° C. to 130° C. for 1 h to 48 h, for obtaining the monomer of formula I; wherein the respective stoichiometry of the amino disulfide compound: aldehyde derivative:phenolic derivatives is 1:4: x.sub.1+x.sub.2, with x.sub.1+x.sub.2=2 and 0<x.sub.1;x.sub.2<2. Also a process for preparing a polybenzoxazine derivative vitrimer comprising a polymerization of the benzoxazine monomer at temperatures within the range of from 100° C. to 250° C. for 1 h to 24 h, for obtaining the polybenzoxazine derivatives vitrimer. Also polybenzoxazine derivative vitrimers, presenting at least one of the following characteristics of Tg values of from 0° C. to 250° C.; and relaxation temperature values, above the Tg values, of from 0° C. to 250° C.

Methods for product authentication, which include: providing an article having a substrate with an analyte encoded composition; obtaining a sample of the composition; applying the sample to a test device to obtain test results, analyzing test results from the test device using an electronic device communicatively connected to an authentication authority, wherein the electronic device transmits the test device code and the test results to the authentication authority and confirms or denies authentication after comparison to an authentication database of authentic test results.