A method for producing a polyimide precursor having a structural unit represented by the following formula (1), comprising the following steps (i) and (ii), wherein at least one of the steps of (i) and (ii) is carried out in a solvent comprising a compound having an ether bond and an amide bond: (i) a step of reacting carboxylic anhydride with a diamine compound to obtain a polyimide precursor having a structural unit represented by the following formula (2); and (ii) a step of reacting the polyimide precursor having a structural unit represented by the formula (2) with a compound represented by the following formula (8), and reacting the reactant with a compound represented by the following formula (9) to obtain a polyimide precursor having a structural unit represented by the following formula (1): ##STR00001## wherein in the formula (1), at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is a group represented by the formula (3): ##STR00002##

An aqueous dispersion of a polymer additive having a weight average molecular weight of from 2,000 to 25,000 g/mol and comprising, by weight based on the weight of the polymer additive, (i) from 20% to 85% of structural units of an ethylenically unsaturated siloxane monomer; (ii) from 0.1% to 10% of structural units of an ethylenically unsaturated functional monomer carrying at least one functional group selected from an amide, ureido, carboxyl, carboxylic anhydride, hydroxyl, phosphorus acid, or sulfonic acid group, a salt thereof, or mixtures thereof; and (iii) from 5% to 79.9% of structural units of an additional ethylenically unsaturated nonionic monomer. The aqueous dispersion has a coagulum content less than 2,000 ppm after filtration through a 44 micron sieve. A coating composition comprises the aqueous dispersion of the polymer additive can provide coatings with anti-corrosion and/or stain removal properties.

An aqueous coating composition is provided that is preferably substantially free of styrene and structural units derived from styrene. The coating composition includes a resin system that preferably includes a water-dispersible polymer and an emulsion polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer component. The resin system is preferably formed using a process that includes emulsion polymerizing the ethylenically unsaturated monomer component in the presence of an aqueous dispersion including the water-dispersible polymer. In certain preferred embodiments, the water-dispersible polymer is a salt of an acid- or anhydride-functional aromatic polyether polymer.

This invention relates to urethane acrylic hybrid polymer dispersion with robust dry/wet adhesion and the basecoats prepared therefrom for automotive applications. In this system, the polyurethane dispersion (PUD) prepolymer is based on a combination of polyols and aliphatic diisocyanates. The acrylic portion is based on (meth)acrylated monomers. A combination of this hybrid polymer dispersion and other resins having defined glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) values, organic and/or inorganic rheology modifiers, and different additives including pigment, dispersant, and defoamer are used to prepare waterborne basecoats having modified appearance and performance. The final coatings show excellent dry/wet adhesion to the primer for automotive applications.

This invention relates to urethane acrylic hybrid polymer dispersion with robust dry/wet adhesion and the basecoats prepared therefrom for automotive applications. In this system, the polyurethane dispersion (PUD) prepolymer is based on a combination of polyols and aliphatic diisocyanates. The acrylic portion is based on (meth)acrylated monomers. A combination of this hybrid polymer dispersion and other resins having defined glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) values, organic and/or inorganic rheology modifiers, and different additives including pigment, dispersant, and defoamer are used to prepare waterborne basecoats having modified appearance and performance. The final coatings show excellent dry/wet adhesion to the primer for automotive applications.

The present invention is directed to an one-component (1K) composition comprising, based on the weight of the composition: from 40 to 98 wt. % of a) at least one epoxy resin; from 0.5 to 30 wt. % of b) at least one organoboron compound selected from tetrasubstituted borate salts of monovalent cations of tertiary amines; and, from 0.5 to 30 wt. % of c) at least one (meth)acrylamide monomer of Formula (VII):

##STR00001##

wherein: R.sup.a is H or Me; G is selected from —NH.sub.2, —NHR.sup.b and —N(R.sup.b)(R.sup.c); R.sup.b and R.sup.c are independently selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkalkoxy, C.sub.6-C.sub.18 aryl and —(CH.sub.2).sub.n—N(R.sup.d)(R.sup.e); n is an integer of from 1 to 4; and, R.sup.d and R.sup.e are independently selected from H and C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl.

The present invention is directed to an one-component (1K) composition comprising, based on the weight of the composition: from 40 to 98 wt. % of a) at least one epoxy resin; from 0.5 to 30 wt. % of b) at least one organoboron compound selected from tetrasubstituted borate salts of monovalent cations of tertiary amines; and, from 0.5 to 30 wt. % of c) at least one (meth)acrylamide monomer of Formula (VII):

##STR00001##

wherein: R.sup.a is H or Me; G is selected from —NH.sub.2, —NHR.sup.b and —N(R.sup.b)(R.sup.c); R.sup.b and R.sup.c are independently selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkalkoxy, C.sub.6-C.sub.18 aryl and —(CH.sub.2).sub.n—N(R.sup.d)(R.sup.e); n is an integer of from 1 to 4; and, R.sup.d and R.sup.e are independently selected from H and C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl.

There is described an aqueous coating composition, the aqueous coating composition comprising an acrylic polyester resin, obtainable by grafting an acrylic polymer and a polyester material, the polyester material being obtainable by polymerizing: (i) a polyacid component, with (ii) a polyol component. At least one of the polyacid component and/or the polyol component comprises a functional monomer operable to impart functionality on to the polyester resin, such that an acrylic polymer may be grafted with the polyester material via the use of said functionality. The coating composition further containing a crosslinking material, wherein the crosslinking material comprises material according to formula (I); as shown in claim 1; wherein R.sub.1 is selected from aryl (such as C.sub.4 to C.sub.24 aryl), or aralkyl (such as C.sub.5 to C.sub.25 aralkyl); R.sub.2 to R.sub.5 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl (such as C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl), aryl (such as C.sub.4 to C.sub.24 aryl), aralkyl (such as C.sub.5 to C.sub.25 aralkyl) or —CHR.sub.8OR.sub.9; wherein R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl (such as C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl), aryl (such as C.sub.4 to C.sub.24 aryl), aralkyl (such as C.sub.5 to C.sub.25 aralkyl), alkoxyalkyl (such as C.sub.2 to C.sub.40 alkoxyalkyl) or an alkaryl (such as C.sub.5 to C.sub.25 alkaryl); wherein at least one of R.sub.2 to R.sub.5, is —CHR.sub.8OR.sub.9, suitably all of R.sub.2 to R.sub.5, are —CHR.sub.8OR.sub.9.

There is described an aqueous coating composition, the aqueous coating composition comprising an acrylic polyester resin, obtainable by grafting an acrylic polymer and a polyester material, the polyester material being obtainable by polymerizing: (i) a polyacid component, with (ii) a polyol component. At least one of the polyacid component and/or the polyol component comprises a functional monomer operable to impart functionality on to the polyester resin, such that an acrylic polymer may be grafted with the polyester material via the use of said functionality. The coating composition further containing a crosslinking material, wherein the crosslinking material comprises material according to formula (I); as shown in claim 1; wherein R.sub.1 is selected from aryl (such as C.sub.4 to C.sub.24 aryl), or aralkyl (such as C.sub.5 to C.sub.25 aralkyl); R.sub.2 to R.sub.5 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl (such as C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl), aryl (such as C.sub.4 to C.sub.24 aryl), aralkyl (such as C.sub.5 to C.sub.25 aralkyl) or —CHR.sub.8OR.sub.9; wherein R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl (such as C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl), aryl (such as C.sub.4 to C.sub.24 aryl), aralkyl (such as C.sub.5 to C.sub.25 aralkyl), alkoxyalkyl (such as C.sub.2 to C.sub.40 alkoxyalkyl) or an alkaryl (such as C.sub.5 to C.sub.25 alkaryl); wherein at least one of R.sub.2 to R.sub.5, is —CHR.sub.8OR.sub.9, suitably all of R.sub.2 to R.sub.5, are —CHR.sub.8OR.sub.9.

There is described an aqueous coating composition, the aqueous coating composition comprising an acrylic polyester resin, obtainable by grafting an acrylic polymer and a polyester material, the polyester material being obtainable by polymerizing: (i) a polyacid component, with (ii) a polyol component. At least one of the polyacid component and/or the polyol component comprises a functional monomer operable to impart functionality on to the polyester resin, such that an acrylic polymer may be grafted with the polyester material via the use of said functionality. The coating composition further containing a crosslinking material, wherein the crosslinking material comprises material according to formula (I); as shown in claim 1; wherein R.sub.1 is selected from aryl (such as C.sub.4 to C.sub.24 aryl), or aralkyl (such as C.sub.5 to C.sub.25 aralkyl); R.sub.2 to R.sub.5 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl (such as C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl), aryl (such as C.sub.4 to C.sub.24 aryl), aralkyl (such as C.sub.5 to C.sub.25 aralkyl) or —CHR.sub.8OR.sub.9; wherein R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl (such as C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl), aryl (such as C.sub.4 to C.sub.24 aryl), aralkyl (such as C.sub.5 to C.sub.25 aralkyl), alkoxyalkyl (such as C.sub.2 to C.sub.40 alkoxyalkyl) or an alkaryl (such as C.sub.5 to C.sub.25 alkaryl); wherein at least one of R.sub.2 to R.sub.5, is —CHR.sub.8OR.sub.9, suitably all of R.sub.2 to R.sub.5, are —CHR.sub.8OR.sub.9.