An unsaturated deoxybenzoin compound has the structure (I)

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, and n are defined herein. A polymer including at least one group derived from a deoxybenzoin compound having structure (I), (II), or a combination thereof

##STR00002##

is also described, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.10, and n are defined herein.

A flame retardant block copolymer is prepared from renewable content. In an exemplary synthetic method, a bio-derived flame retardant block copolymer is prepared by a ring opening polymerization of a biobased cyclic ester and a phosphorus-containing polymer. In some embodiments, the biobased cyclic ester is lactide. In some embodiments, the phosphorus-containing polymer is a hydroxyl-telechelic flame retardant biopolymer prepared by a polycondensation reaction of a biobased diol (e.g., isosorbide) and a phosphorus-containing monomer (e.g., phenylphosphonic dichloride). In other embodiments, the phosphorus-containing polymer is synthesized from a dioxaphospholane monomer.

A flame retardant block copolymer is prepared from renewable content. In an exemplary synthetic method, a bio-derived flame retardant block copolymer is prepared by a ring opening polymerization of a biobased cyclic ester and a phosphorus-containing polymer. In some embodiments, the biobased cyclic ester is lactide. In some embodiments, the phosphorus-containing polymer is a hydroxyl-telechelic flame retardant biopolymer prepared by a polycondensation reaction of a biobased diol (e.g., isosorbide) and a phosphorus-containing monomer (e.g., phenylphosphonic dichloride). In other embodiments, the phosphorus-containing polymer is synthesized from a dioxaphospholane monomer.

Disclosed is a multilayer coating for a substrate such as a photovoltaic module or cell having flame retardant capability, the coating comprising two or more carrier or polymer layers, wherein at least one layer of the two or more carrier or polymer layers is a layer comprising a halogenated material and at least one other layer of the two or more carrier or polymer layers comprises at least one synergist. Also disclosed are substrates coated with the coating, a method of coating a substrate, and a method of manufacturing the coating.

Disclosed is a multilayer coating for a substrate such as a photovoltaic module or cell having flame retardant capability, the coating comprising two or more carrier or polymer layers, wherein at least one layer of the two or more carrier or polymer layers is a layer comprising a halogenated material and at least one other layer of the two or more carrier or polymer layers comprises at least one synergist. Also disclosed are substrates coated with the coating, a method of coating a substrate, and a method of manufacturing the coating.

In an example, a flame-retardant, cross-linked polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) material includes a first PHA material that is cross-linked to a second PHA material via a phosphorus-based cross-linker.

Method for the preparation of a film forming flame retardant comprising nitrogen and silicon in its chemical composition, said method comprising the following steps: i. conversion of Z.sub.1 moles of amine moiety, selected from the group of primary and secondary amine and covalently bound to Z.sub.2 moles of one or more at least partially hydrolysable silane moiety, with Z.sub.3 moles of a chemical substance selected from a group of chemical substances obtainable from carboxylic acids or carbonic acid and represented by formula (I), (II) or (III); ii. conversion with a with at least one HO-functionalized substance of formula (IV): M.sub.x(OH).sub.yR.sup.5z. The resulting film forming flame retardant is contemplated.

This invention relates to a flame-retardant epoxy resin, to a method of preparing the same, and to a flame-retardant epoxy resin composition including the same, and more specifically to a flame-retardant epoxy resin, which satisfies properties while improving flame retardancy by increasing the phosphorus content, to a method of preparing the same, and to a flame-retardant epoxy resin composition including the same.

This invention relates to a flame-retardant epoxy resin, to a method of preparing the same, and to a flame-retardant epoxy resin composition including the same, and more specifically to a flame-retardant epoxy resin, which satisfies properties while improving flame retardancy by increasing the phosphorus content, to a method of preparing the same, and to a flame-retardant epoxy resin composition including the same.

Brominated vinylaromatic-diene block copolymers (Br-SBC) comprising a vinylaromatic polymer block S and a brominated diene polymer block BB, wherein before bromination the weight-average molar mass M.sub.w of the block S is greater than or equal to M.sub.w of the block BB, use thereof as flame retardants, and also polymer compositions comprising these for unfoamed and foamed thermoplastic polymers, for example EPS and XPS.