Disclosed herein is a gas hydrate inhibitor that includes from 1 to 99% by weight of an alcohol, from 1 to 99% by weight of a polyol, from 0.01 to 2.0% by weight of a first organic acid, from 0.01 to 2.0% by weight of a second organic acid and from 1 to 99% by weight of water. The gas hydrate inhibitor is useful in preventing and/or removing hydrates in a fluid to ensure a continuous flow of the fluid.

Nano-sized mixed metal oxide carriers capable of delivering a well treatment additive for a sustained or extended period of time in the environment of use, methods of making the nanoparticles, and uses thereof are described herein. The nanoparticles can have a formula of:

A/[M.sub.x.sup.1M.sub.y.sup.2M.sub.z.sup.3]O.sub.nH.sub.m

where x is 0.03 to 3, y is 0.01 to 0.4, z is 0.01 to 0.4 and n and m are determined by the oxidation states of the other elements, and M.sup.1 can be aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), or thallium (Tl). M.sup.2 and M.sup.3 are not the same and can be a Column 2 metal, Column 14 metal, or a transition metal. A is can be a treatment additive.

A method of dissolving a gas hydrate in a pipeline includes introducing a gas hydrate dissolving solution into the pipeline and allowing the gas hydrate dissolving solution to at least partially dissolve the gas hydrate in the pipeline. The gas hydrate dissolving solution includes cesium formate, potassium formate, or both, and has a flash point of greater than 50° C.

A method of dissolving a gas hydrate in a pipeline includes introducing a gas hydrate dissolving solution into the pipeline and allowing the gas hydrate dissolving solution to at least partially dissolve the gas hydrate in the pipeline. The gas hydrate dissolving solution includes a glycol, dimethylformamide, or both, and has a boiling point of greater than 80° C. A method of dissolving a gas hydrate in a pipeline may also include introducing a gas hydrate dissolving solution into the pipeline and allowing the gas hydrate dissolving solution to at least partially dissolve the gas hydrate in the pipeline. The gas hydrate dissolving solution includes comprises a glycol, dimethylformamide, cesium formate, potassium formate, or combinations thereof, and has a flash point of greater than 50° C.

The disclosure is directed to low molecular weight polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles that can be used to deliver agents deep into hydrocarbon reservoirs. Methods of making and using said polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles are also provided.

Provided is a composition comprising at least one polymer, the repeat unit of which comprises at least one amide functional group, at least one polyetheramine with a weight-average molecular weight (M.sub.w) of greater than 100 g.mo1.sup.−1 and exhibiting at least two secondary and/or tertiary amine functional groups, and optionally, but preferably, at least one organic solvent. Also provided is method of using of the composition for delaying, indeed even preventing, the formation of gas hydrates, in particular in a process for extracting oil and/or gas and/or condensates, and also to the process for delaying, indeed even preventing, the formation and/or the agglomeration of gas hydrates, employing a composition as defined above.

A method is disclosed that includes adding a recirculation chemical composition to a hydrocarbon containing stream, wherein the recirculation chemical composition may be an emulsion breaker. The method may also include separating the hydrocarbon containing stream into a stream containing water and a stream containing oil; contacting the stream containing oil in a water wash unit; and removing residual emulsion breaker from the stream containing oil.

Provided are methods for selecting a treatment for a subterranean formation in accordance with the disclosure and the illustrated FIGs. An example method comprises obtaining a formation material, measuring a geomechanical property of the formation material, measuring a mineralogy of the formation material, preparing a predictive model for the formation material from the measured geomechanical property and the mineralogy of the formation material; wherein the predictive model analyzes production over time for a plurality of treatments for the formation material, wherein the formation material is treated with each treatment in the plurality of treatments and the geomechanical property and the mineralogy of the formation material are measured before and after an individual treatment, selecting the treatment having the greatest production from the plurality of treatments, and contacting the subterranean formation with the treatment.

Dual cation hydrate inhibitor compositions and methods of using such compositions to, for example, inhibit the formation of gas hydrate agglomerates are provided. In some embodiments, such methods include introducing a hydrate inhibitor composition into a fluid, wherein the hydrate inhibitor composition includes at least one compound having the structural formula:

##STR00001##

wherein each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is independently a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 hydrocarbon chain, wherein R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and any C.sub.1 to C.sub.50 hydrocarbon chain, wherein each of R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a C.sub.1 to C.sub.50 hydrocarbon chain, wherein X.sup.− and Y.sup.− are counter anions, and wherein each of a and b is independently an integer from 1 to 10.

Disclosed are alkyl lactone-derived hydroxyamides and alkyl lactone-derived hydroxyesters used in compositions and methods for inhibiting natural gas hydrate agglomerates. The alkyl lactone-derived hydroxyamides and alkyl lactone-derived hydroxyesters are reaction products of an alkyl lactone and an amine, and an alkyl lactone and an alcohol, respectively.