A method for improving deposit control, while maintaining or improving demulsibility performance, in an engine lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil that has a particular phenate/carboxylate detergent mixture present in a particular amount in the formulated oil. A lubricating engine oil having a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component; and a phenate/carboxylate detergent mixture as a minor component. The lubricating oils of this disclosure are useful in marine crankcase systems, in particular, marine system oil applications for two-stroke marine diesel engines.

A cylinder lubricant having a BN determined according to the standard ASTM D-2896 greater than or equal to 15 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant, including: one or more lubricant base oils for marine engines, at least one detergent based on alkali or alkaline-earth metals, overbased with metallic carbonate salts, at least one neutral detergent, one or more oil-soluble alkoxylated fatty amines, having a BN determined according to the standard ASTM D-2896 comprised between 100 and 600 milligrams of potash per gram, where the percentage by mass of alkoxylated fatty amines with respect to the total weight of lubricant is chosen such that the BN provided by these compounds represents a contribution comprised between 2 and 8 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant, and where the BN provided by the metallic carbonate salts represents a contribution of at the most 65%.

A composition of an oil-soluble ionic detergent that does not contribute metal ions to the composition, and which comprises a quaternary non-metallic pnictogen cation and an organic anion having at least one hydrocarbyl group of sufficient length to impart oil solubility to the detergent, the detergent having a total base number (TBN) to total acid number (TAN) ratio of at least 2:1 imparts ash-free basicity to a lubricant composition.

Provided herein are compositions comprising at least one estolide compound of formula: ##STR00001##
in which n is an integer equal to or greater than 0; m is an integer equal to or greater than 1; R.sub.1, independently for each occurrence, is selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; R.sub.2 is selected from hydrogen and optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, independently for each occurrence, are selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched. Also provided are uses of the compositions described herein.

A composition and method for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force of a wire or cable are provided. A composition of aqueous emulsion is provided that is environmentally friendly, halogen free and solvent free. The composition is compatible with various types of insulating materials and may be applied after the wire or cable is cooled and also by spraying or submerging the wire or cable in a bath. The composition contains lubricating agents that provide lower coefficient of friction for wire or cable installation and continuous wire or cable surface lubrication thereafter.

Lubricating oil composition is provided. The composition includes several components including a base oil, a primary antioxidant including alkylated diphenylamines having an alkyl group derived from propylene tetramers, and a carboxylate detergent.

An object is to provide a lubrication treatment method of a metal wire rod, in which not a combination of acid washing/alkaline degreasing and phosphate/soap treatment each causing a large burden on the environment, but shot blast and a coat-type treatment agent are used to allow for a significant reduction in burden on the environment, and a batch manner is applied to allow for practical production efficiency and uniformly form a lubrication coating on a metal wire rod. The object is achieved by a lubrication treatment method of a metal wire rod, which is a method for lubrication treatment of a coiled metal wire rod in a batch manner, including a descaling step of performing shot blast treatment of a coiled metal wire rod, and a lubrication coating formation step of applying a lubricant to the metal wire rod after the descaling step, in which the coiled metal wire rod satisfies L/(dN)1.1 in the descaling step under the assumption that the coil width is L, the wire diameter of the metal wire rod is d, and the number of coil turns is N, and the lubricant contains one or more coating base components (A) selected from the group consisting of an inorganic salt and an organic acid salt, and a lubrication component (B).

This disclosure describes a lubricant additive. The additive is a friction modifier that includes a molybdenum containing compound and a tertiary amine-containing composition having the following structure: ##STR00001##
wherein each R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 is independently a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having one to about twenty carbon atoms, wherein each R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 is independently a hydrogen, a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having one to about twenty carbon atoms, each m is independently from 0 and 4, each p is independently from 0 and 4, for each cyclic moiety m+p is from 2 and 4, and each n is independently from 1 and 6.

This disclosure describes a lubricant additive. The additive is a friction modifier that includes a molybdenum containing compound and a tertiary amine-containing composition having the following structure: ##STR00001##
wherein each R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 is independently a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having one to about twenty carbon atoms, wherein each R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 is independently a hydrogen, a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having one to about twenty carbon atoms, each m is independently from 0 and 4, each p is independently from 0 and 4, for each cyclic moiety m+p is from 2 and 4, and each n is independently from 1 and 6.

A method and a device for induced formation of solid lubricant comprises providing (S10) of an article (10) to be processed. The article is exposed (S20) to a process fluid (34) comprising a solvent, impact media (20) and additives of solid-lubricant precursor substances. The solvent is a low-volatile high-flash solvent. The impact media are non-abrasive hard particles. The additives of solid-lubricant precursor substances are surface-reactive compounds serving as carriers of at least one of S, P, B and of at least one refractory metal. A velocity difference between surfaces (12) of the article and the impact media is created (S30). This causes impacts between the impact media and the article. Solid lubricant substances are formed (S40) on the surfaces by chemical reactions. The chemical reactions comprise the solid-lubricant precursor substances and are induced by the energy of the impacts. The chemical reactions take place at the surfaces of the article.