Solid alkali metal benzyl oxide compositions providing flowable solids, namely flowable powders and flowable granulates, and solid compositions containing the alkali metal benzyl oxide compositions in combination with additional components are disclosed. Methods of making the solid compositions and using the solid compositions are also provided. The solid compositions are particularly useful for making solid cleaning compositions, including degreasing compositions, that beneficially are PPE-free providing safety improvements over liquid formulations.

Provided is a method for productively producing a liquid or a paste soap composition which, even at low temperatures, maintains a liquid or paste state for a long time without separating, is gentle on the skin and eyes, and has high foaming power and good cleaning power. In this production method for a soap composition containing a sodium of a higher fatty acid and a potassium of a higher fatty acid, a liquid soap composition is prepared by: heating, to at least 80? C., and melting a mixed saturated fatty acid which is composed of 12- to 18-carbon saturated fatty acids containing 85 to 100 mol % of a 12- and a 14-carbon saturated fatty acid and does not contain an 8- to 10-carbon saturated fatty acid; then adding a cooling liquid composed of glycerin and water to the mixed saturated fatty acid all at once, cooling the mixture to a temperature at least 20? C. lower than the heated temperature, and then heating the mixture again and holding the mixture at a temperature between 40 and 55? C.; adding a mixed alkaline aqueous solution all at once to the mixed fatty acid-containing liquid that has been heated and held at said temperature, said mixed alkaline aqueous solution being obtained by mixing potassium hydroxide and/or potassium carbonate and sodium hydroxide and/or sodium carbonate in a molar ratio in the range from 90/10 to 30/70; and, while agitating, heating the mixture and then holding the mixture at a temperature between 80 and 95? C. in order to neutralize the mixture.

Provided is a method for productively producing a liquid or a paste soap composition which, even at low temperatures, maintains a liquid or paste state for a long time without separating, is gentle on the skin and eyes, and has high foaming power and good cleaning power. In this production method for a soap composition containing a sodium of a higher fatty acid and a potassium of a higher fatty acid, a liquid soap composition is prepared by: heating, to at least 80? C., and melting a mixed saturated fatty acid which is composed of 12- to 18-carbon saturated fatty acids containing 85 to 100 mol % of a 12- and a 14-carbon saturated fatty acid and does not contain an 8- to 10-carbon saturated fatty acid; then adding a cooling liquid composed of glycerin and water to the mixed saturated fatty acid all at once, cooling the mixture to a temperature at least 20? C. lower than the heated temperature, and then heating the mixture again and holding the mixture at a temperature between 40 and 55? C.; adding a mixed alkaline aqueous solution all at once to the mixed fatty acid-containing liquid that has been heated and held at said temperature, said mixed alkaline aqueous solution being obtained by mixing potassium hydroxide and/or potassium carbonate and sodium hydroxide and/or sodium carbonate in a molar ratio in the range from 90/10 to 30/70; and, while agitating, heating the mixture and then holding the mixture at a temperature between 80 and 95? C. in order to neutralize the mixture.

The antiseptic and fragrance-free soap includes about 5% to 30% percent by weight of deionized water, about 3% to 10% by weight of caustic soda, about 25% to 90% by weight of vegetable fat, and about 0.1% to 1% by weight of antibacterial nanoparticles. The vegetable fat can be selected from the group consisting of olive oil, coconut oil, palm oil, almond oil, jojoba oil, shea butter, or a combination thereof. The antibacterial nanoparticles are preferably silver nanoparticles made by any conventional method.

The antiseptic and fragrance-free soap includes about 5% to 30% percent by weight of deionized water, about 3% to 10% by weight of caustic soda, about 25% to 90% by weight of vegetable fat, and about 0.1% to 1% by weight of antibacterial nanoparticles. The vegetable fat can be selected from the group consisting of olive oil, coconut oil, palm oil, almond oil, jojoba oil, shea butter, or a combination thereof. The antibacterial nanoparticles are preferably silver nanoparticles made by any conventional method.

Provided herein is a method for reducing or inhibiting the crystallization of taurine in a soap bar, wherein the method comprises: a) admixing a fatty acid soap with an aqueous solution of taurine or taurine salt as a taurine source to form an amalgamate and b) preparing a soap bar comprising the amalgamate. Further provided is a soap bar obtained by the above method.

Provided herein is a method for reducing or inhibiting the crystallization of taurine in a soap bar, wherein the method comprises: a) admixing a fatty acid soap with an aqueous solution of taurine or taurine salt as a taurine source to form an amalgamate and b) preparing a soap bar comprising the amalgamate. Further provided is a soap bar obtained by the above method.

The present invention is about a pharmaceutical composition, an oral preparation, and an injection preparation containing a G protein-coupled Receptor19 (GPCR19) agonist, specifically sodium taurodeoxycholate (HY2191) and its derivative, as an active ingredient for preventing or treating allergic skin diseases. The present invention is also about an external preparation and a cosmetic composition containing said pharmaceutical composition for preventing and improving allergic skin diseases. The said pharmaceutical composition shows an excellent efficacy in treating and improving allergic dermatitis compared with the steroid ointments or immunosuppressive ointments currently used. The said pharmaceutical composition reduces the level of serum IgE, which is a major factor causing allergic dermatitis, increases TH1 cytokine alleviating allergic dermatitis and reduces TH2 cytokine that exacerbates allergic dermatitis. The said pharmaceutical composition also reduces infiltration of a mast cell, eosinophil, and neutrophil in dermis and ameliorates clinical symptoms such as erythema, hemorrhage, edema, excoriation, erosion, scaling and dryness. Thus, the said pharmaceutical composition can be used to prevent and treat allergic skin diseases.

The present invention is about a pharmaceutical composition, an oral preparation, and an injection preparation containing a G protein-coupled Receptor19 (GPCR19) agonist, specifically sodium taurodeoxycholate (HY2191) and its derivative, as an active ingredient for preventing or treating allergic skin diseases. The present invention is also about an external preparation and a cosmetic composition containing said pharmaceutical composition for preventing and improving allergic skin diseases. The said pharmaceutical composition shows an excellent efficacy in treating and improving allergic dermatitis compared with the steroid ointments or immunosuppressive ointments currently used. The said pharmaceutical composition reduces the level of serum IgE, which is a major factor causing allergic dermatitis, increases TH1 cytokine alleviating allergic dermatitis and reduces TH2 cytokine that exacerbates allergic dermatitis. The said pharmaceutical composition also reduces infiltration of a mast cell, eosinophil, and neutrophil in dermis and ameliorates clinical symptoms such as erythema, hemorrhage, edema, excoriation, erosion, scaling and dryness. Thus, the said pharmaceutical composition can be used to prevent and treat allergic skin diseases.

The present invention is about a pharmaceutical composition, an oral preparation, and an injection preparation containing a G protein-coupled Receptor19 (GPCR19) agonist, specifically sodium taurodeoxycholate(HY2191) and its derivative, as an active ingredient for preventing or treating allergic skin diseases. The present invention is also about an external preparation and a cosmetic composition containing said pharmaceutical composition for preventing and improving allergic skin diseases. The said pharmaceutical composition shows an excellent efficacy in treating and improving allergic dermatitis compared with the steroid ointments or immunosuppressive ointments currently used. The said pharmaceutical composition reduces the level of serum IgE, which is a major factor causing allergic dermatitis, increases TH1 cytokine alleviating allergic dermatitis and reduces TH2 cytokine that exacerbates allergic dermatitis. The said pharmaceutical composition also reduces infiltration of a mast cell, eosinophil, and neutrophil in dermis and ameliorates clinical symptoms such as erythema, hemorrhage, edema, excoriation, erosion, scaling and dryness. Thus, the said pharmaceutical composition can be used to prevent and treat allergic skin diseases.