Methods of controlling hydrogen sulfide concentration of a biogas occupying an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) containing a submerged membrane are disclosed herein. Methods of controlling dissolved sulfide concentration of a mixed liquor within the AnMBR are disclosed. The methods include directing wastewater containing sulfur and a chemical oxygen demand (COD) to an AnMBR, withdrawing at least a fraction of the biogas from the AnMBR, directing a pre-determined amount of the withdrawn biogas to a scrubber, directing a remainder of the withdrawn biogas to a gas distributor, and directing the scrubbed biogas to the AnMBR. Systems for treating wastewater having sulfur and COD are disclosed. The systems include an AnMBR, a scouring gas closed loop, a scrubber, and a control mechanism for directing biogas to the scrubber and to a gas distributor. Methods of retrofitting a system for treating wastewater having sulfur and COD are disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to a well plate for 3D cell spheroid culture that facilitates 3D cell spheroid culture and enables cell adhesion and detachment by adjusting a surface roughness, a method for manufacturing the well plate for 3D cell spheroid culture, and a method for 3D cell spheroid culture using the same.

Containment and facility systems for offshore porous floating bioreactors that contain algae water slurries in saltwater environments. A containment system may include a containment boom system, a containment silt curtain system, a containment marineworks system, or a combination thereof. Facility systems include an offshore porous floating bioreactor in fluid communication with at least an onshore algae harvesting system. Algae cultivation may occur at an onshore algae cultivation system or within a porous floating bioreactor, and algae lipid production occurs within a porous floating bioreactor. The lipid induced algae is received by the onshore algae harvesting system for further processing.

A Disposable Bioprocess System including a Single-Use-Bioreactor, a Single-Use-Pump and a single-use micro-organism retention filter. Combined most suitable for cultivation of suspended micro-organisms in a liquid media at high micro-organism concentration in a perfusion mode continuous process for expression of biological material. The inlet port of the liquid Single-Use-Pump connects via a valve to the broth reservoir of the Single-Use-Bioreactor through a liquid conveying port. The outlet port of the liquid pumping Single-Use-Pump connects via a valve to a micro-organism retention filter. And a method for operating said sterile Disposable Bioprocess System in perfusion mode for continuously processing.

The present invention relates to systems and methods for tissue processing and analysis. Tissue chambers are configured to allow single-container chemical processing, imaging, and wax embedding of tissue samples in a single container without manipulation between steps. Tissue chambers with features to support the tissue sample and allow fluid flow between the tissue sample and the tissue chamber surface are disclosed. The features may be index matched to sample structures of interest or dissolvable in clearing solution to allow for in-chamber imaging with minimal distortion. Specialized tissue processing and wax removal apparatuses are also disclosed including for use with tissue chambers having frangible portions to permit ease of wax removal.

A modular cell culture system includes a standalone cell culture subunit with an interior cavity to house a cell culture substrate in a cell culture space, a radial flow manifold below the cell culture space, a fluid inlet to supply fluid to a center of the manifold, and a fluid outlet to remove fluid from the cavity. The cavity is arranged for fluid to flow in from the fluid inlet, then through manifold, then through the cell culture space, and then out through the fluid outlet. The subunit further includes an alignment feature on at least one of a top and a bottom of the standalone cell culture subunit. The manifold can supply fluid at a uniform rate across a width of the cell culture space, and the alignment feature aligns with an alignment feature of another standalone cell culture subunit, such that multiple standalone cell culture subunits are stackable.

A modular and stacked cell culture system that includes a standalone cell culture subunit with an interior cavity to house a cell culture substrate in a cell culture space, a fluid inlet to supply fluid to the cell culture space, and a fluid outlet to remove fluid from the cavity. The cavity is arranged for fluid to flow in from the fluid inlet, then through the cell culture space, and then out through the fluid outlet. The subunit further includes an alignment feature on at least one of a top and a bottom of the standalone cell culture subunit, wherein the alignment feature aligns with an alignment feature of another standalone cell culture subunit, such that multiple standalone cell culture subunits are stackable.

The disclosure relates to bioreactors, for example for biological treatment and, more specifically to bioreactor insert apparatus including biofilms and related methods. The bioreactor insert apparatus provides a means for circulation of reaction medium within the bioreactor, a biofilm support, and biological treatment of an inlet feed to the reactor/insert apparatus. The bioreactor insert apparatus has a high relative surface area for biofilm attachment and is capable of generating complex flow patterns and increasing treatment efficiency/biological conversion activity in a biologically-active reactor. The high surface area structure incorporates multiple biofilm support structures such as meshes at inlet and outlet portions of the structure. The biofilm support structures and biofilms thereon can increase overall reaction rate of the bioreactor and/or perform some solid/liquid separation in the treatment of the wastewater or other influent.

The present invention relates to artificial antigen presenting cell (aAPC) scaffolds to provide cells with specific functional stimulation to obtain phenotypic and functional properties ideal to mediate tumor regression or viral clearance. In particular, the scaffolds of the present invention comprise antigens, such as peptide-MHC (pMHC) class I molecules, and specific combinations of cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules to allow effective expansion and functional stimulation of specific T cells.

Methods to form a surface coating and surface pattern, which are based on adsorption of hydrocarbon chains that can be used with imaging optics to visualize macrophage fusion and multinucleated giant cell formation with living specimens are described.