An incubator for cell and tissue culture under controlled atmospheric conditions has a primary air flow control device that forms a primary, preferably laminar flow, air veil across an opening that allows access to the cells or tissue cultures disposed within the incubator. Preferably, most if not all of the air in the primary (laminar flow) air veil is recirculated, and a secondary air flow control device is used that forms a secondary, preferably laminar flow, air veil between the primary (laminar flow) air veil and a user of the incubator.

Provided are: a biological reaction device that reduces stress and damage visited on microorganisms, etc., in a biological reaction, and enables a biological reaction in which microorganisms, etc., are used to be efficiently and economically performed; and a biological reaction method in which the biological reaction device is used. In order to reduce the stress and damage visited on microorganisms, etc., the amount per minute of a biological culture solution that is extracted from a culture tank and then returned to the culture tank after being admixed with micro-nano-bubbles is set as at least 1% to less than 48% of the biological culture solution accommodated in the culture tank, and the reduction in the dissolved oxygen concentration associated therewith is compensated for by setting the oxygen partial pressure of a gas phase in the upper part of the biological culture solution in the culture tank as at least 0.23 atm to less than 0.6 atm and/or setting the pressure of the gas phase in the upper part of the biological culture solution in the culture tank to at least 1.1 atm to less than 3.0 atm.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a fermentation product, which method comprises (i) reducing carbon dioxide to a C1 compound, (ii) contacting at least a portion of said C1 compound with a culture comprising a methylotrophic microorganism, (iii) fermenting said C1 compound with said methylotrophic microorganism to produce said fermentation product, wherein the fermentation of the C1 compound with said methylotrophic microorganism further produces carbon dioxide, which is at least partially recycled to the reducing step.

The present invention relates to a method for controlling process parameters in a bioreactor when producing a target product with a pre-determined critical to quality, CTQ, profile. The method comprises: monitoring (S20) at least one product quality attribute, PQA, for the target product; identifying (S30) trends and/or deviations by comparing the monitored at least one PQA to the CTQ profile of the target product; and controlling (S40) process parameters of the bioreactor based on the identified trends and/or deviations to maintain the target product within the CTQ profile.

A cell culture apparatus includes a culturing unit having a surface provided with a plurality of concave wells for culturing cells therein, and a flow unit including a gas flow path which allows gas to flow therethrough. The culturing unit includes a gas permeator that is arranged to separate the plurality of wells from the flow unit, the gas permeator having oxygen permeability and liquid impermeability.

A system for aerobic fermentation includes a vessel, an aeration system including a gas sparger fluidly coupled to the vessel to introduce a compressed gas to an internal volume of the vessel, and a recirculation loop fluidly coupled to an outlet of the vessel. The recirculation loop includes an eductor fluidly coupled to an oxygen-containing gas source, a static mixer downstream of the eductor, a heat exchanger downstream of the eductor, and a distributor downstream of the heat exchanger. The distributor is fluidly coupled to the vessel. The aeration system provides mixing and oxygen mass transfer to the fermentation composition in the vessel. The fermentation composition passes through the eductor, static mixer, heat exchanger, and distributor of the recirculation loop, and back into the vessel. Oxygen is transferred from an oxygen containing gas to the fermentation composition and heat is removed from the fermentation composition in the recirculation loop.

Apparatus for treatment of wet organic matter to produce biogas, comprising a closed reactor (11) for anaerobic digestion of the wet organic matter. The anaerobic reactor comprises two vertical 5 tubes, a vertically arranged outer tube (14) defining a first reactor chamber (111) enveloping a vertically arranged inner tube (15) which is divided into a first region (112a) and a second region (112b) of a second reactor chamber (112) by a vertical partitioning wall (16). The first reactor chamber comprises a particle retaining unit (31) connecting the first and the second reactor chambers. The anaerobic reactor (11) exhibits a top discharge pipe (18) for gas developed in either 0 of the two reactor chambers (111, 112). A method for treatment of wet organic matter is also contemplated.

Disclosed herein include methods, compositions, culture media, and devices for in vitro culture of synthetic embryos from mammalian pluripotent stem cells. The in vitro embryo model is generated with embryonic and extraembryonic lineages derived from embryonic stem cells through transcription-factor-mediated reprogramming and can undergo advanced development to late headfold stages.

Organ-on-chip platforms with reduced fluid volumes include circulating fluid volumes of below 1000 L, preferably about 500 L or less. The platforms are adjustable for culturing cells with varied oxygen demand at various seeding densities. The platforms include at least one lane, wherein each lane includes at least one cell culture well, at least one oxygenator for fluid oxygenation, and a pump system containing at least one pump per lane. The oxygenator may include a separate fluid path for oxygenating the fluid, which allows controlling and measuring the oxygen concentration in the fluid, shortening the diffusion length, and passively diffusing oxygen. Provided are also different configurations for the oxygenator, fluid circulation in the platforms, attachment means for securing scaffolds to culture wells, and pneumatic plates.

Provided herein are systems and methods for recycling and supplementing off-gas from a gas fed reaction process. The systems and methods are particularly useful for bioprocesses that convert hydrogen gas into one or more biosynthetic products. By maintaining separate hydrogen and oxygen feed gas streams, and forming a recycle gas that introduces a target component of the supply gas to the bioreactor within a target concentration range, the yields, productivities, and safety profiles of the bioprocess can be enhanced.