A cell observation device is cell observation device for observing a cell held by a microplate having a well holding a sample including the cell and includes a microplate holder for holding the microplate thereon, an electrical stimulation unit including an electrode pair including a first electrode and a second electrode, and a position controller for controlling a position of the electrical stimulation unit in a state in which the first electrode is disposed closer to the center of the well than the second electrode when the electrode pair is disposed in the well of the microplate. The tip of the first electrode extends more than the tip of the second electrode.

The present disclosure relates to a piezoelectric membrane microelectrode array for spatially resolved electrical or mechanical stimulation and simultaneous spatially resolved measurement of electrical or mechanical activity of biological material. The array comprises at least two membrane microelectrode units, that are both arranged on a common substrate.

Methods and apparatuses to non-destructively and periodically sample a small quantity of intracellular proteins and mRNA from the same single cell or cells for an extended period of time. Specifically, describe herein are non-perturbative methods for time-resolved, longitudinal extraction and quantitative measurement of intracellular proteins and nucleic acids from a variety of cell types using systems including nanostraws.

The cell treatment apparatus of the present disclosure is a cell treatment apparatus including: an observation unit; a laser emitter; and a controller. The controller includes at least one processor that is configured to detect, using image data that includes the cell captured by an observation unit and a learned model capable of detecting a target cell or a non-target cell, a target cell or a non-target cell in the image data; set a region where the target cell is present or a region where the non-target cell is not present as a laser irradiation region to be subjected to laser irradiation by the laser emitter, and apply a laser emitted from the laser emitter to the laser irradiation region in the cell culture tool to treat the target cell.

Methods and systems for stimulating and monitoring electrogenic cells are described. Some systems for stimulating electrogenic cells are based on the injection of electric currents into the cells via electrodes connected to the cells. Such stimulators may comprise an impedance element having an input terminal and an output terminal coupled to an electrode, and a voltage follower coupled between the input terminal and the output terminal of the impedance element, the voltage follower being configured to maintain a substantially constant voltage between the input terminal and the output terminal of the impedance element. The impedance element may comprise one or more switched capacitors at least in some embodiments. In some embodiments, the voltage follower may be implemented using a source follower.

A substance introduction unit, used for introduction of a substance into a cell by electroporation, includes an accommodation container configured to accommodate a cell suspension containing the cell and the substance; and a pair of electrodes which has electrode surfaces exposed to an internal space of the accommodation container and is configured to apply a voltage to the cell suspension accommodated in the accommodation container, the accommodation container including a cell-impermeable member configured to partition the internal space of the accommodation container.

The present invention discloses means, use and non-GM method for modulating proteins in microorganisms. This method comprising steps of providing a system comprising a plasma discharge source, the plasma; the plasma discharge electric field is in the range of about 200 to about 500 v/m; and a plasma modifying mechanism comprising (1) at least one magnetic material, and at least one piezoelectric material, and (2) at least one optical crystal material, the plasma modifying mechanism providing modified plasma output having frequencies in the range of about 3 KHz to about 30 KHz; and discharging the plasma towards the microorganisms in a pulsed profile; thereby modulating proteins from the target microorganisms. The invention also discloses means, use and non-GM method for de novo generating of proteins in microorganisms from within the proteome of the microorganisms. The method comprises steps of providing a system as defined above, and discharging the plasma towards microorganisms in a pulsed profile, thereby activating proteins from the target microorganisms to de novo generating of proteins in microorganisms from within the proteome of the microorganisms.

The present invention provides a pigmentation skin model that comprises: a first cell group containing fibroblasts damaged by light irradiation, said first cell group being seeded on a first cell culture substratum; and a second cell group containing melanocytes and keratinocytes, said second cell group being applied onto the first cell group. The present invention also provides a method for producing the pigmentation skin model, and a method for evaluating a factor for treating or preventing pigmentation of the skin, said method comprising using the pigmentation skin model.

An apparatus for electroporating cells with a cargo includes electrodes defining a path for a fluid including the cells and the cargo to flow, a power source coupled across the electrodes, and a control circuit. In some examples, the control circuit is configured to detect a decrease in an induced current due to an increase in a resistance between the electrodes, and control the power source to increase the induced current to maintain an electric field between the electrodes. A future value of the resistance between the electrodes may be predicted based on previous values of the resistance. In other examples, the control circuit is configured to detect parameters of the fluid flowing between the electrodes, and control the power source to generate or stop generating electrical pulses in response to detecting the parameters. Other example apparatuses, and methods of electroporating cells with a cargo is also disclosed.

The present invention provides a cell treatment apparatus that can improve the operating rates of an observation unit and a laser irradiation unit in the case of treating a plurality of cell culture vessels. The cell treatment apparatus of the present invention includes: a cell treatment chamber in which cells in a cell culture vessel are treated; an observation unit that can observe the cells in the cell culture vessel; a laser irradiation unit that can irradiate the cells with lasers; a first moving unit that can move the observation unit; and a second moving unit that can move the laser irradiation unit, wherein the cell treatment chamber includes a plurality of regions in which the cells can be treated, each region includes a first cell culture vessel placement unit and a second cell culture vessel placement unit, in the first cell culture vessel placement unit, the cells in the cell culture vessel are observed by the observation unit, in the second cell culture vessel placement unit, the cells in the cell culture vessel are irradiated with lasers by the laser irradiation unit, the observation unit is moved by the first moving unit in a state of being able to observe the cells in the cell culture vessel in the first cell culture vessel placement unit of each region, and the laser irradiation unit is moved by the second moving unit in a state of being able to irradiate the cells in the cell culture vessel in the second cell culture vessel placement unit of each region with lasers.