The present application relates to Leishmania cells genetically engineered such that the formation of an O-linked GlcNAc on a polypeptide in the Leishmania cell is reduced or eliminated. The formation of the O-linked GlcNAc may be catalyzed in the Leishmania cell prior to said genetic engineering by at least one N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-transferase. Also provided herein are methods of making a polypeptide using a Leishmania cell described herein and polypeptides produced by the methods provided herein.

The present application relates to Leishmania cells genetically engineered such that the formation of an O-linked GlcNAc on a polypeptide in the Leishmania cell is reduced or eliminated. The formation of the O-linked GlcNAc may be catalyzed in the Leishmania cell prior to said genetic engineering by at least one N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-transferase. Also provided herein are methods of making a polypeptide using a Leishmania cell described herein and polypeptides produced by the methods provided herein.

This document relates to sexual stage Plasmodium parasites. For example, Plasmodium parasites having (e.g., engineered to have) a regulatable AP2-G polypeptide that can be induced to enter the sexual stage are provided

This document relates to sexual stage Plasmodium parasites. For example, Plasmodium parasites having (e.g., engineered to have) a regulatable AP2-G polypeptide that can be induced to enter the sexual stage are provided

Provided herein are methods of culturing a microorganism. The method includes providing a container comprising one or more microorganisms and medium, wherein the microorganisms and medium form a start volume. The microorganisms and medium are cultured until the culture reaches a threshold indicator, wherein culturing comprises feeding one or more carbon sources to the culture and wherein the culture is at a threshold volume when the threshold indicator is reached. The method also includes harvesting a portion of the threshold volume to leave a residual volume that is 40% or less of the start volume and adding fresh medium to the container in an amount to return the volume of the culture to the start volume.

Provided herein are methods of culturing a microorganism. The method includes providing a container comprising one or more microorganisms and medium, wherein the microorganisms and medium form a start volume. The microorganisms and medium are cultured until the culture reaches a threshold indicator, wherein culturing comprises feeding one or more carbon sources to the culture and wherein the culture is at a threshold volume when the threshold indicator is reached. The method also includes harvesting a portion of the threshold volume to leave a residual volume that is 40% or less of the start volume and adding fresh medium to the container in an amount to return the volume of the culture to the start volume.

The application is directed to in vitro-reared Plasmodium sporozoites of human host range wherein sporogony from gametocyte stage to sporozoite stage is external to mosquitoes, and methods of producing the same. Provided herein are in vitro-reared infectious Plasmodium sporozoites (SPZ) of human host range, particularly P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, and P. knowlesi, wherein sporogony from gametocyte stage to sporozoite stage is external to mosquitoes, and methods of producing the same.

The application is directed to in vitro-reared Plasmodium sporozoites of human host range wherein sporogony from gametocyte stage to sporozoite stage is external to mosquitoes, and methods of producing the same. Provided herein are in vitro-reared infectious Plasmodium sporozoites (SPZ) of human host range, particularly P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, and P. knowlesi, wherein sporogony from gametocyte stage to sporozoite stage is external to mosquitoes, and methods of producing the same.

Methods, devices and kits for the physical separation of plankton into its component parts utilizing phototactic behavior are described. The methods utilize positive phototactic behavior and negative contrast orientation of the zooplankton for maximal in situ separation of phytoplankton and zooplankton for use in further studies and evaluation of separation efficiency. The devices provide effective conditions for use in the separation of plankton into component parts.

Methods, devices and kits for the physical separation of plankton into its component parts utilizing phototactic behavior are described. The methods utilize positive phototactic behavior and negative contrast orientation of the zooplankton for maximal in situ separation of phytoplankton and zooplankton for use in further studies and evaluation of separation efficiency. The devices provide effective conditions for use in the separation of plankton into component parts.