A biological inoculant having both fertilizing and fungicidal activity is disclosed. More particularly, a bio-inoculant having the said combined effects, comprising Bradyrhizobium japonicum and specific isolates from the Trichoderma genus is disclosed. The bio-inoculant is applied to soybean crops for preventing fungi borne diseases. More particularly, the bio-inoculant of the invention is useful for protecting soybean crops against infection by Fusarium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Cercospora sp., Sclerotinia sp. and Rhizoctonia sp.

A method of forming a light transitive composite component. The method comprises inserting at least one light transmitting component 3, an organic substrate 6 and bonding agent 10 into a mould 1. Allowing the bonding agent 10 to mature to bond both the light transmitting component 3 and the organic substrate 6. Treating the contents of the mould with either heat or chemicals to terminate the maturation process of the bonding agent. The organic substrate is preferably a woody substrate while the bonding agent is preferably fungal mycelium.

A method of forming a light transitive composite component. The method comprises inserting at least one light transmitting component 3, an organic substrate 6 and bonding agent 10 into a mould 1. Allowing the bonding agent 10 to mature to bond both the light transmitting component 3 and the organic substrate 6. Treating the contents of the mould with either heat or chemicals to terminate the maturation process of the bonding agent. The organic substrate is preferably a woody substrate while the bonding agent is preferably fungal mycelium.

The invention describes a methodology for production of a secondary extra-particle fungal matrix for application as a mycological material, manufactured via a Type II actively aerated static packed-bed bioreactor. A pre-conditioned air stream is passed through a substrate of discrete elements inoculated with a filamentous fungus to form an isotropic inter-particle hyphal matrix between the discrete elements. Continued feeding of the air through the substrate of discrete elements and isotropic inter-particle hyphal matrixes develops an extra-particle hyphal matrix that extends from an isotropic inter-particle hyphal matrix in the direction of airflow into a void space within the vessel.

Disclosed are compositions and methods relating to an improved hybrid lipase enzyme for reducing foaming in, for example, a carbohydrate fermentation process.

Disclosed are compositions and methods relating to an improved hybrid lipase enzyme for reducing foaming in, for example, a carbohydrate fermentation process.

The present disclosure relates to a production medium for microorganisms converting methanol to an organic acid and a culture process, wherein the converted organic acid is oxalic acid, and the production medium for microorganisms comprises 1 to 5% of methanol, 1 to 5% of xylose, and 0.01 to 0.05% of calcium chloride relative to 1 L of the total medium, and further comprises potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH.sub.2PO.sub.4), ammonium sulfate ((NH.sub.4).sub.2SO.sub.4), magnesium sulfate (MgSO.sub.4), iron sulfate (FeSO.sub.4), manganese sulfate (MnSO.sub.4), zinc sulfate (ZnSO.sub.4), or boric acid (H.sub.3BO.sub.3). According to the present disclosure, provided is an organic acid production process using microorganisms of the genus Aspergillus (Aspergillus. sp), which enables a high-throughput production of high-value-added value organic acids such as oxalic acid by utilizing methanol obtained as a product from refining Cl gas such as methane.

The present disclosure relates to a production medium for microorganisms converting methanol to an organic acid and a culture process, wherein the converted organic acid is oxalic acid, and the production medium for microorganisms comprises 1 to 5% of methanol, 1 to 5% of xylose, and 0.01 to 0.05% of calcium chloride relative to 1 L of the total medium, and further comprises potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH.sub.2PO.sub.4), ammonium sulfate ((NH.sub.4).sub.2SO.sub.4), magnesium sulfate (MgSO.sub.4), iron sulfate (FeSO.sub.4), manganese sulfate (MnSO.sub.4), zinc sulfate (ZnSO.sub.4), or boric acid (H.sub.3BO.sub.3). According to the present disclosure, provided is an organic acid production process using microorganisms of the genus Aspergillus (Aspergillus. sp), which enables a high-throughput production of high-value-added value organic acids such as oxalic acid by utilizing methanol obtained as a product from refining Cl gas such as methane.

Provided herein are mycelium materials and methods for production thereof. In some embodiments, a mycelium material includes: a cultivated mycelium material including one or more masses of branching hyphae, wherein the one or more masses of branching hyphae may be disrupted and/or a bonding agent may be combined with the cultivated mycelium material. Methods of producing a mycelium material are also provided.

Provided herein are mycelium materials and methods for production thereof. In some embodiments, a mycelium material includes: a cultivated mycelium material including one or more masses of branching hyphae, wherein the one or more masses of branching hyphae may be disrupted and/or a bonding agent may be combined with the cultivated mycelium material. Methods of producing a mycelium material are also provided.