Devices, materials, compounds, systems, and processes for Cherenkov-Activated Nuclear-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy that involves generating Cherenkov light within the tissue of a target volume and using this light to activate photosensitizing material that is located in the nucleus of cells of the target volume.

Plant metabolism and alkaloid levels can be regulated by transcription factors that regulate the nicotinic alkaloid biosynthetic pathway. In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a transcription factor that positively regulates alkaloid biosynthesis, such as nicotine biosynthesis. In particular, the present disclosure provides methods for the inhibition of Nicotiana benthamiana auxin response factor 1 (NbTF1) to reduce alkaloid biosynthesis in plants.

Methods for increasing specificity of RNA-guided genome editing, e.g., editing using CRISPR/Cas9 systems, using truncated guide RNAs (tru-gRNAs).

Methods for increasing specificity of RNA-guided genome editing, e.g., editing using CRISPR/Cas9 systems, using truncated guide RNAs (tru-gRNAs).

The present invention is directed to a method of producing a Streptococcus thermophilus strain comprising the steps of a) Providing a mother strain in the form of Streptococcus thermophilus DSM32502, b) Growing a culture of the mother strain in the presence of a bacteriophage, to which the mother strain is not resistant, to obtain a number of mutant strains, which are resistant to the said bacteriophage, c) Measuring the acidification time of the bacteriophage-resistant mutant strains and the mother strain in a milk base and selecting at least one mutant strain with a reduced acidification time as compared to the mother strain to obtain a fast-acidifying mutant strain.

The present invention is directed to a method of producing a Streptococcus thermophilus strain comprising the steps of a) Providing a mother strain in the form of Streptococcus thermophilus DSM32502, b) Growing a culture of the mother strain in the presence of a bacteriophage, to which the mother strain is not resistant, to obtain a number of mutant strains, which are resistant to the said bacteriophage, c) Measuring the acidification time of the bacteriophage-resistant mutant strains and the mother strain in a milk base and selecting at least one mutant strain with a reduced acidification time as compared to the mother strain to obtain a fast-acidifying mutant strain.

The present invention relates to the technical field of model establishment, and provides a dimethylmonothioarsinic acid-induced malignantly transformed cell line of human keratinocytes and use thereof. In the present invention, human keratinocytes are persistently exposed to and incubated with dimethylmonothioarsinic acid, to construct an inorganic arsenic metabolite dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTA.sup.v)-induced malignantly transformed cell model of human keratinocytes. The malignantly transformed cell model of the present invention promotes the identification of carcinogenicity of arsenic methylated metabolites, and indicates that long-term exposure to low-dose arsenic metabolite dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTA.sup.v) causes malignant transformation of skin cells, thus providing a new cell model basis and new research idea for the study of carcinogenic mechanism of arsenic.

The present invention relates to the technical field of model establishment, and provides a dimethylmonothioarsinic acid-induced malignantly transformed cell line of human keratinocytes and use thereof. In the present invention, human keratinocytes are persistently exposed to and incubated with dimethylmonothioarsinic acid, to construct an inorganic arsenic metabolite dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTA.sup.v)-induced malignantly transformed cell model of human keratinocytes. The malignantly transformed cell model of the present invention promotes the identification of carcinogenicity of arsenic methylated metabolites, and indicates that long-term exposure to low-dose arsenic metabolite dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTA.sup.v) causes malignant transformation of skin cells, thus providing a new cell model basis and new research idea for the study of carcinogenic mechanism of arsenic.

Provided are biologically pure bacterial isolates characterized by a genome structure at least 90% similar to a genome structure of a bacterial species selected from the group consisting of: Streptomyces sp. E128 having an NRRL Accession No. B-67462, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens A190 having an NRRL Accession No. B-67464, Bacillus subtilis P243 having an NRRL Accession No. B-67459, Bacillus thuringiensis M979 having an NRRL Accession No. B-67457, Massilia aurea P63 having an NRRL Accession No. B-67461, Rhodococcus sp. G706, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia E132 having an NRRL Accession No. B-67460, Streptomyces aurantiacus A918, Streptomyces badius 0180, Streptomyces mirabilis B670 having an NRRL Accession No. B67463, Streptomyces scopuliridis F427 having an NRRL Accession No. B-67458, and Streptomyces sp. L219. Also provided are whole cell broth or lysates thereof, and polynucleotide, polypeptides and constructs expressing same, compositions-of-matter comprising same and methods using same for killing or inhibiting the development of insects.

Provided are biologically pure bacterial isolates characterized by a genome structure at least 90% similar to a genome structure of a bacterial species selected from the group consisting of: Streptomyces sp. E128 having an NRRL Accession No. B-67462, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens A190 having an NRRL Accession No. B-67464, Bacillus subtilis P243 having an NRRL Accession No. B-67459, Bacillus thuringiensis M979 having an NRRL Accession No. B-67457, Massilia aurea P63 having an NRRL Accession No. B-67461, Rhodococcus sp. G706, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia E132 having an NRRL Accession No. B-67460, Streptomyces aurantiacus A918, Streptomyces badius 0180, Streptomyces mirabilis B670 having an NRRL Accession No. B67463, Streptomyces scopuliridis F427 having an NRRL Accession No. B-67458, and Streptomyces sp. L219. Also provided are whole cell broth or lysates thereof, and polynucleotide, polypeptides and constructs expressing same, compositions-of-matter comprising same and methods using same for killing or inhibiting the development of insects.