A method for producing a skin equivalent comprising the steps of: a) producing a dermal matrix containing a first layer and a second layer comprises the steps of i) providing the first layer; ii) providing a polymerizable solution comprising a liquid and at least one polymer; iii) adding the polymerizable solution to the first layer; iv) polymerizing the solution to form the second layer; v) compressing the second layer, wherein as a result of the compression the liquid content of the second layer is reduced and the first layer and second layer are joined together to form the dermal matrix; and vi) introducing at least one cavity into the dermal matrix; b) introducing at least one hair follicle and/or hair follicle germ into the at least one cavity of the dermal matrix produced in step a) to produce a skin surrogate; and c) adding at least one further cell population.

The invention relates to a process for the in vitro preparation of a dermal papilla equivalent from fibroblasts derived from the dermal papilla and/or from the connective tissue sheath; to a process for the in vitro preparation of a hair follicle equivalent by culturing proliferative epithelial cells on said dermal papillae thus obtained; to the in vitro dermal papilla and hair follicle equivalents produced by means of the abovementioned processes, and to the uses thereof for treating alopecia and for evaluating the effect of cosmetic, pharmaceutical or dermatological products.

The present invention relates to an expanded population of human Breg cells having the phenotype CD19+CD73CD71+CD25+TIM-1+ and methods for producing the cell population of the invention. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the cell populations of the invention and their use in the treatment of immune-mediated disorders.

Provided herein are methods and systems for bio-printing of three-dimensional organs and organoids. Also provided herein are bio-printed three-dimensional organs and organoids for use in the generation and/or the assessment of immunological products and/or immune responses. Also provided herein are methods and system for bio-printing three-dimensional matrices.

Presented herein are compositions and methods for the long-term in vitro culturing of Treponema species such as T. pallidum. Culture media and systems for Treponema culture are also provided.

Provided herein are methods and systems for bio-printing of three-dimensional organs and organoids. Also provided herein are bio-printed three-dimensional organs and organoids for use in the generation and/or the assessment of immunological products and/or immune responses. Also provided herein are methods and system for bio-printing three-dimensional matrices.

Provided herein are methods and systems for bio-printing of three-dimensional organs and organoids. Also provided herein are bio-printed three-dimensional organs and organoids for use in the generation and/or the assessment of immunological products and/or immune responses. Also provided herein are methods and system for bio-printing three-dimensional matrices.

A composition including adult pluripotent olfactory stem cells is provided. The adult pluripotent olfactory stem cells are obtained by culturing a cell mixture from an olfactory tissue of a mammal in media containing growth factors and then isolating cells which express B-lymphoma moloney murine leukemia virus insertion region-1 (Bmi-1).

The present invention discloses a method of inducing and differentiating human skin-derived precursors into corneal endothelial-like cells. The present invention utilizes human skin-derived precursors to induce corneal endothelial-like cells that are theoretically close to normal human corneal endothelial cells successfully by co-culturing with B4G12 corneal endothelial cells. Furthermore, the obtained corneal endothelial-like cells are applied to a corneal endothelial decompensation animal model, and corneal endothelium of the animal is successfully repaired, which has an important clinical application prospect.

To provide a culture supernatant preparation which has excellent biocompatibility and contains a large quantity of specific genes or proteins. A method for producing the culture supernatant preparation including: a first culturing step of culturing cells to a confluent state using a first medium; a second culturing step of culturing the cells using a second medium that is different from the first medium after the first culturing step; and a culture supernatant preparation obtaining step of obtaining the culture supernatant preparation including the second medium after the second culturing step, the second medium including a calcium ion and a buffering agent.