In one aspect, the present disclosure provides compounds of the formula (I): wherein the variables are as defined herein. In another aspect, the present disclosure provides compounds of the formula (V): wherein the variables are as defined herein. In another aspect, the present disclosure also provides methods of preparing the compounds disclosed herein. In another aspect, the present disclosure provides antibody drug conjugates comprising compounds of the present disclosure. In another aspect, the present disclosure also provides pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use of the compounds and anti-body drug conjugates disclosed herein. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to regioselective chemical and electrochemical processes for the preparation of an oxidized heterocyclic alpha-amino amide compounds. By applying specific catalysts or catalyst systems during chemical oxidation or by applying particular electrochemical oxidation conditions the present invention provides access to valuable alpha amino amide compounds, which are oxidized at the heterocyclic amino group by regioselective introduction of either a hydroxyl or a keto group. In a more particular embodiment, the present invention describes a chemical oxidation reaction, which advantageously is applicable in the enantioselective synthesis of valuable oxidized heterocyclic alpha-amino amide compounds, like levetiracetam, brivaracetam or the synthesis of piracetam. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a process for the electrochemical recycling of alkali perhalogenate oxidants as spent during said regioselective oxidation reactions of the invention. Still another aspect of the invention relates to the electrochemical preparation of perhalogenates.

Improved processes for producing bio-based nylon precursors having reduced organic and inorganic impurities are described herein. The processes generally comprise fermenting a microorganism engineered to produce lysine in a modified culture medium having low or reduced inorganic ion content, such as by employing a culture medium having an ammonium dicarboxylate buffering system that is preferably devoid of non-essential inorganic ions, and crystallizing the lysine directly from the spent lysine fermentation supernatant by adding a sufficient amount of a dicarboxylic acid. Such strategies aim to produce lysine dicarboxylate salt crystals that are employable in a downstream bioconversion step for the production of cadaverine dicarboxylate salts having reduced organic and inorganic impurities, which improve their downstream performance, for example in polymeration reactions for polyamide synthesis.

Improved processes for producing bio-based nylon precursors having reduced organic and inorganic impurities are described herein. The processes generally comprise fermenting a microorganism engineered to produce lysine in a modified culture medium having low or reduced inorganic ion content, such as by employing a culture medium having an ammonium dicarboxylate buffering system that is preferably devoid of non-essential inorganic ions, and crystallizing the lysine directly from the spent lysine fermentation supernatant by adding a sufficient amount of a dicarboxylic acid. Such strategies aim to produce lysine dicarboxylate salt crystals that are employable in a downstream bioconversion step for the production of cadaverine dicarboxylate salts having reduced organic and inorganic impurities, which improve their downstream performance, for example in polymeration reactions for polyamide synthesis.

The present disclosure provides engineered polypeptides having imine reductase activity, polynucleotides encoding the engineered imine reductases, host cells capable of expressing the engineered imine reductases, and methods of using these engineered polypeptides with a range of ketone and amine substrate compounds to prepare secondary and tertiary amine product compounds.

The present disclosure provides engineered polypeptides having imine reductase activity, polynucleotides encoding the engineered imine reductases, host cells capable of expressing the engineered imine reductases, and methods of using these engineered polypeptides with a range of ketone and amine substrate compounds to prepare secondary and tertiary amine product compounds.

Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, are vectors encoding biosynthetic enzymes from gut microbiome-derived bacterium (e.g., Clostridia enzymes), engineered cells comprising the vectors, and methods of using biosynthetic enzymes from gut microbiome-derived bacterium (e.g., Clostridia enzymes) to produce fatty acid amides.

Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, are vectors encoding biosynthetic enzymes from gut microbiome-derived bacterium (e.g., Clostridia enzymes), engineered cells comprising the vectors, and methods of using biosynthetic enzymes from gut microbiome-derived bacterium (e.g., Clostridia enzymes) to produce fatty acid amides.

Process for producing aqueous polyacrylamide concentrates by polymerizing an aqueous solution comprising at least acrylamide thereby obtaining an aqueous polyacrylamide gel, comminuting said aqueous polyacrylamide gel and mixing it with an aqueous liquid, wherein the manufacturing steps are allocated to two different locations A and B and the process comprises the step of transporting an aqueous polyacrylamide concentrate hold in a suitable transport unit from a location A to a location B. Modular, relocatable plant for manufacturing aqueous polyacrylamide, wherein the units of the plant are located at two different locations A and B.

Process for producing aqueous polyacrylamide concentrates by polymerizing an aqueous solution comprising at least acrylamide thereby obtaining an aqueous polyacrylamide gel, comminuting said aqueous polyacrylamide gel and mixing it with an aqueous liquid, wherein the manufacturing steps are allocated to two different locations A and B and the process comprises the step of transporting an aqueous polyacrylamide concentrate hold in a suitable transport unit from a location A to a location B. Modular, relocatable plant for manufacturing aqueous polyacrylamide, wherein the units of the plant are located at two different locations A and B.