The present invention discloses the conversion of non-edible grade organic maize or wheat into monosaccharides by enzyme hydrolysis. The generated glucose at 14-16% is used to produce natural, organic gluconic acid by microbial fermentation of three strains Aspergillus niger NCIM 545, Penicillium notatum NCIM 745 and Penicillium chrysogenum NCIM 709. These strains are improved by unique media constituents and parameters for product yield enhancement along with the reduced time of gluconic acid production by 15-20 h. Further, gluconic acid is fortified with calcium or sodium or magnesium or ferrous to produce respective gluconate salts which were processed by a set of downstream processes including spray drying to obtain in powder form. These organic gluconates have immense applications in food, pharma, feed, and construction sectors for supplying organic source as well as minerals. This route of gluconic acid and its salts production is robust simple, cost-effective and less time taking by using eco-friendly biotechnological processes.

The present invention discloses the conversion of non-edible grade organic maize or wheat into monosaccharides by enzyme hydrolysis. The generated glucose at 14-16% is used to produce natural, organic gluconic acid by microbial fermentation of three strains Aspergillus niger NCIM 545, Penicillium notatum NCIM 745 and Penicillium chrysogenum NCIM 709. These strains are improved by unique media constituents and parameters for product yield enhancement along with the reduced time of gluconic acid production by 15-20 h. Further, gluconic acid is fortified with calcium or sodium or magnesium or ferrous to produce respective gluconate salts which were processed by a set of downstream processes including spray drying to obtain in powder form. These organic gluconates have immense applications in food, pharma, feed, and construction sectors for supplying organic source as well as minerals. This route of gluconic acid and its salts production is robust simple, cost-effective and less time taking by using eco-friendly biotechnological processes.

Rapid hydrolysis methods for producing oat-based beverage compositions, and compositions produced thereby. Continuous flow process to yield a hydrolyzed oat-based beverage in only a few hours, comprising a sequential treatment of an oat flour slurry with glucoamylase and then alpha-amylase enzyme with respective hydrolysis times of less than about 1.5 hours to yield a final hydrolyzed oat slurry, and finishing the composition with one or more flavorings or additional ingredients yield the oat-based beverage composition.

The present invention relates to a modified starch and a method for obtaining the modified starch by using a debranching enzyme, such as isoamylase, pullulanase, limit dextrinase and the like. The debranching enzyme modified starch of present invention exhibits excellent film-forming capacity, film strength, and gelation ability, so as to be used as a material for making hard capsules without the use of coagulants and plasticizers.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to materials and methods for preparing a clathrate-forming composition comprising a plurality of linear glucomonomer chains of about 15 to about 100 D-glucopyranosyl residues linked by α-1,4 linkages, wherein the linear glucomonomer chains are a product of partial amylolysis of a modified starch substrate and wherein the product is flowable at temperatures within a range of 4-20° C. at about 20% w/v solids content. The present disclosure further describes methods of using the clathrate-forming compositions to form molecular dispersions or clathrates with hydrophobic guest molecules, kits for use in these methods, and molecular dispersions or clathrates obtained from the materials.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to materials and methods for preparing a clathrate-forming composition comprising a plurality of linear glucomonomer chains of about 15 to about 100 D-glucopyranosyl residues linked by α-1,4 linkages, wherein the linear glucomonomer chains are a product of partial amylolysis of a modified starch substrate and wherein the product is flowable at temperatures within a range of 4-20° C. at about 20% w/v solids content. The present disclosure further describes methods of using the clathrate-forming compositions to form molecular dispersions or clathrates with hydrophobic guest molecules, kits for use in these methods, and molecular dispersions or clathrates obtained from the materials.

A method for saccharifying cellulose includes introducing a cellulose-containing raw material and a reaction solution into a saccharification tank, introducing an enzyme into the reaction solution in the saccharification tank, disposing an adsorption sheet on the liquid surface of the reaction solution, and decomposing the cellulose with the enzyme by stirring the reaction solution to produce a saccharide. The adsorption sheet adsorbs an oil component released from the raw material to the liquid surface of the reaction solution during the production of the saccharide.

A method for preparing a modified starch as an alternative to hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate, including: (a) evenly mixing a cassava starch with a buffer solution to obtain a starch suspension with desired pH; (b) adding α-amylase into the starch suspension for enzymolysis of glycosidic bonds followed by deactivation to obtain a first enzymolysis product; (c) adding hexose oxidase into the first enzymolysis product for lactonization of gluco-oligosaccharides followed by deactivation to obtain a second enzymolysis product; and (d) subjecting the second enzymolysis product to centrifugation, washing and freeze drying to obtain an enzymatically-modified cassava starch.

Green preparation methods of rice resistant starch are disclosed. In some embodiments, a green preparation method of the rice resistant starch is characterized in that, at a temperature lower than the gelatinization temperature, the rice starch is sequentially modified by enzymes using β-amylase, glucosidase, and pullulanase to obtain the modified starch. In other embodiments, a green preparation method of the rice resistant starch is characterized by using: rice starch as a substrate; and in turn using: (a) β-amylase (BA, EC 3.2.1.2) from barley (Hordeum vulgare); (b) glucoside transferase (TG, EC 2.4.1.24) from Aspergillus niger; and (c) pullulanase (PUL, EC 3.2.1.41) from Pullulanibacillus konaensis below a gelatinization temperature to modify a chain structure of the rice starch, resulting in a number of short linear chains which are effectively arranged, aggregated, and recrystallized at 4° C. to form modified rice starch with high resistant starch content.

Green preparation methods of rice resistant starch are disclosed. In some embodiments, a green preparation method of the rice resistant starch is characterized in that, at a temperature lower than the gelatinization temperature, the rice starch is sequentially modified by enzymes using β-amylase, glucosidase, and pullulanase to obtain the modified starch. In other embodiments, a green preparation method of the rice resistant starch is characterized by using: rice starch as a substrate; and in turn using: (a) β-amylase (BA, EC 3.2.1.2) from barley (Hordeum vulgare); (b) glucoside transferase (TG, EC 2.4.1.24) from Aspergillus niger; and (c) pullulanase (PUL, EC 3.2.1.41) from Pullulanibacillus konaensis below a gelatinization temperature to modify a chain structure of the rice starch, resulting in a number of short linear chains which are effectively arranged, aggregated, and recrystallized at 4° C. to form modified rice starch with high resistant starch content.