Provided is a method for efficiently producing a monoacyl MEL. The method comprises culturing a monoacyl-MEL-producing microorganism in the presence of a surfactant.

The invention concerns a process to convert di-rhamnolipid to mono-rhamnolipid comprising the following process steps: (a) contact of a starting di-rhamnolipid material with an -L-rhamnosidase enzyme which is immobilised on a support; (b) separation of the produced mono-rhamnolipid from the reaction medium and/or side products; wherein the -L-rhamnosidase enzyme does not have -D-glucosidase activity.

The invention concerns a process to convert di-rhamnolipid to mono-rhamnolipid comprising the following process steps: (a) contact of a starting di-rhamnolipid material with an -L-rhamnosidase enzyme which is immobilised on a support; (b) separation of the produced mono-rhamnolipid from the reaction medium and/or side products; wherein the -L-rhamnosidase enzyme does not have -D-glucosidase activity.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a disaccharide using beta-glucosidase and a cofactor thereof and a composition for inducing the enzyme production of a strain of the genus Trichoderma, the composition comprising the produced disaccharide. Particularly, when beta-glucosidase and a cofactor thereof, such as a manganese ion (Mn.sup.2+), a magnesium ion (Mg.sup.2+), a zinc ion (Zn.sup.2+) or a copper ion (Cu.sup.2+) as a divalent metal ion, are added to a glucose matrix, the production rate of the disaccharide increases, and the disaccharide can be obtained at a high concentration. In addition, a composition containing a high concentration of a disaccharide produced using the production method of the present invention has an excellent effect of inducing the enzyme production of a strain of the genus Trichoderma, and thus, the enzyme productivity of Trichoderma can be improved by applying a fermentation process utilizing a high concentration of the produced disaccharide.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a disaccharide using beta-glucosidase and a cofactor thereof and a composition for inducing the enzyme production of a strain of the genus Trichoderma, the composition comprising the produced disaccharide. Particularly, when beta-glucosidase and a cofactor thereof, such as a manganese ion (Mn.sup.2+), a magnesium ion (Mg.sup.2+), a zinc ion (Zn.sup.2+) or a copper ion (Cu.sup.2+) as a divalent metal ion, are added to a glucose matrix, the production rate of the disaccharide increases, and the disaccharide can be obtained at a high concentration. In addition, a composition containing a high concentration of a disaccharide produced using the production method of the present invention has an excellent effect of inducing the enzyme production of a strain of the genus Trichoderma, and thus, the enzyme productivity of Trichoderma can be improved by applying a fermentation process utilizing a high concentration of the produced disaccharide.

The invention provides a process of incorporation of omega-3 fatty acids such as EPA/DHA into polar lipid molecules present in lecithin, which consists of: (a) an enzymatic exchange reaction between the fatty acids present in the polar lipids of lecithin and the omega-3 fatty acids present in concentrated fish oil, to obtain an oil with a high content of polar lipids and omega-3 fatty acids and (b) a stage of concentration of the polar lipid content of the oil obtained in stage a, by supercritical fractionation or molecular distillation.

The invention provides a process of incorporation of omega-3 fatty acids such as EPA/DHA into polar lipid molecules present in lecithin, which consists of: (a) an enzymatic exchange reaction between the fatty acids present in the polar lipids of lecithin and the omega-3 fatty acids present in concentrated fish oil, to obtain an oil with a high content of polar lipids and omega-3 fatty acids and (b) a stage of concentration of the polar lipid content of the oil obtained in stage a, by supercritical fractionation or molecular distillation.

An anticoagulant heparin-chondroitin chimeric saccharide molecule as well as a preparation method and application thereof are disclosed. The anticoagulant heparin-chondroitin chimeric saccharide molecule has a structure as shown in formula I. The heparin-chondroitin chimeric saccharide molecule of the present disclosure has potent activities against an Xa factor and IIa, and the activity of the heparin-chondroitin chimeric saccharide molecule can be effectively neutralized by protamine, with a neutralization rate of greater than or equal to 70%. The risk of causing adverse reactions such as fatal HIT is obviously lower than that of enoxaparin and other low-molecular-weight heparins. The heparin-chondroitin chimeric saccharide molecule disclosed by the present disclosure is suitable for the preparation of a safer potent anticoagulant and antithrombotic new drug.

An anticoagulant heparin-chondroitin chimeric saccharide molecule as well as a preparation method and application thereof are disclosed. The anticoagulant heparin-chondroitin chimeric saccharide molecule has a structure as shown in formula I. The heparin-chondroitin chimeric saccharide molecule of the present disclosure has potent activities against an Xa factor and IIa, and the activity of the heparin-chondroitin chimeric saccharide molecule can be effectively neutralized by protamine, with a neutralization rate of greater than or equal to 70%. The risk of causing adverse reactions such as fatal HIT is obviously lower than that of enoxaparin and other low-molecular-weight heparins. The heparin-chondroitin chimeric saccharide molecule disclosed by the present disclosure is suitable for the preparation of a safer potent anticoagulant and antithrombotic new drug.

The invention relates to systems and methods for effective production and use of microorganisms and/or the fermentation broth in which they are produced. Advantageously, the system is cost-effective, scalable, quick, versatile, efficacious, and helpful in reducing resistance to chemical compounds and residue that concerns consumers.