The present invention relates to an electrode for a biosensor for NADH measurement and a manufacturing method therefor. An electrode manufactured by the method according to the present invention enjoys the advantages of stabilizing current flow during an electric polymerization reaction, making the contact angle of the modified material remarkably small to increase the efficiency of surface modification, and being reusable several times. In addition, when applied to a biosensor for NADH measurement, the electrode of the present invention maintains sensitivity and selectivity at a high level without interference and thus easily measures a target of interest even in blood or serum that necessarily requires a pretreatment process due to the existence of a trace amount of a material to be measured. In addition, when applied to a biosensor for NADH measurement, the electrode can measure cell viability in a continuous manner and in real time, which leads to the application thereof to the cell toxicity assay field, and enables the measurement of cell viability in apoptotic cells lacking the mitochondrial function.

A reagent for glutamine synthetase reaction comprising a chelating agent and glutamine synthetase, and a reagent for quantification of ammonia comprising a chelating agent, ATP, glutamic acid, glutamine synthetase, glucose, an oxidized NAD compound, ADP-dependent hexokinase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, are provided.

An apparatus and kit for the detection of ATP in a liquid sample is provided. The apparatus and kit comprise a liquid reagent composition comprising luciferin and a sampling device having a sampling portion and a handling portion. The sampling portion is adapted to acquire and releasably retain a predetermined volume of a liquid sample in one or more cavity that is not substantially defined by space between a plurality of fibers. The sampling device comprises a dry coating that includes an effective amount of a pH-adjusting reagent that, when contacted with a liquid reagent composition having a pH of about 6.8 or lower, changes the pH of the liquid reagent composition to 6.9 or higher. A method of use of the apparatus or kit is also provided.

The present invention provides a measuring kit that is able to shorten sampling times of germs (bacteria, etc.) and molds (fungi, etc.) which differ from each other in airborne size range, allow selective sampling, and rapidly output relative proportions of bacterial and fungal particles per mass of particulate matter through calculation.

The present disclosure deals with the biochemistry of reagents useful in the detection of ammonia in liquid samples. Specifically, the present disclosure is directed to a technical improvement of an enzyme-based test for ammonia that can be used for analysis of plasma samples taken from patients in clinical settings, among other uses. In this regard, stability of a reagent containing NAD(P)H is improved, enhancing shelf life and results in the detection of ammonia. In an exemplary reagent ammonia released as a result of NAD(P)H decay is scavenged using an enzymatic reaction to convert the ammonia using GLDH, NAD(P)H and 2-oxoglutarate, thereby forming L-glutamate, NAD(P).sup.+ and H.sub.2O in the NAD(P)H containing reagent.

A pathogen detection method includes forming nanoparticles, extracting adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by causing the nanoparticles to collide with pathogens, collecting the pathogens having collided with the nanoparticles, and detecting a light-emitting reaction formed by a reaction with the ATP.

The present invention relates to a recombinant microorganism for malonyl-CoA detection in which a type III polyketide synthase-encoding gene is inserted in the genome or in which a recombinant vector containing the gene is introduced; a method of screening a malonyl-CoA production-inducing substance using the recombinant microorganism; a method of screening a gene which is involved in increased malonyl-CoA production; and a method comprising knocking down the gene, screened by the method, in a microorganism, thus increasing the production of malonyl-CoA in the microorganism, and producing a useful substance in the microorganism using malonyl-CoA as a precursor. The use of the biosensor according to the present invention provides single-step signal generation, utilization in various microorganisms, utilization in self-fluorescent microorganisms, a simple construction method, and a simple screening method. In addition, when the present invention is combined with high-throughput screening, it has advantages in that strains having increased malonyl-CoA producing ability can be screened very easily and rapidly (˜3 days) and can be applied directly to the malonyl-CoA-based production of useful compounds.

Apparatuses and kits for the detection of ATP in a liquid sample are provided. The apparatuses and kits comprise a liquid reagent composition comprising luciferin and a sampling device having a sampling portion and a handling portion. The sampling portion comprises a fibrous or a foam material and is adapted to acquire and releasably retain a predetermined volume of a liquid sample or a sample of residue from a surface. The sampling device comprises a dry coating or a liquid coating, the coating including an effective amount of a pH-adjusting reagent that, when contacted with a liquid reagent composition having a pH 6.8 or lower, changes the pH of the liquid reagent composition to 6.9 or higher. Methods of use of the apparatus or kit are also provided.

Various embodiments of a light detection device and a method of using the device are disclosed. In one or more embodiments, the light detection device can include a housing that extends along a housing axis between top and bottom surfaces. The device can also include a port that is adapted to receive a sample, and a door connected to the housing. The door can include an actuator portion adapted to selectively move the door between a closed position and an open position, and a cover portion connected to the actuator portion and adapted to close the port when the door is in the closed position and open the port when the door is in the open position to allow external access to the port.

The present invention provides a method for measuring the concentration of an analyte in a test solution wherein the analyte is mevalonic acid and/or 3-hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A, comprising the following steps (p) and (q): (p) a step of allowing an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction represented by Reaction Formula 1 and an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction represented by Reaction Formula 2 to act on a test solution containing mevalonic acid and/or 3-hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A in the presence of a hydrogen acceptor X, a hydrogen donor Y, and coenzyme A; and (q) a step of measuring an amount of: a reduced hydrogen acceptor X that is produced; or an oxidized hydrogen donor Y that is produced; or a hydrogen acceptor X that is decreased; or a hydrogen donor Y that is decreased, wherein the hydrogen donor Y and the reduced hydrogen acceptor X are not the same.