A device is disclosed for conducting a non-invasive analysis of a bodily fluid to determine the presence and level of a certain constituent carried by the bodily fluid. An indicator formulation of the device changes color in response to exposure to the constituent to provide a visible indication of the presence and level of the constituent carried by the bodily fluid. A carrier substrate of the device is constructed of a material having voids providing a high void volume within the substrate. The device is made by applying a chromagen to the carrier substrate to create a chromagen-laden carrier member. Then, a selected reagent having a particular constituent-specific formulation is applied to the chromagen-laden member. The selected reagent then combines with the chromagen thereby establishing the indicator formulation within the carrier substrate in place for reception of a sample of the bodily fluid.

A device is disclosed for conducting a non-invasive analysis of a bodily fluid to determine the presence and level of a certain constituent carried by the bodily fluid. An indicator formulation of the device changes color in response to exposure to the constituent to provide a visible indication of the presence and level of the constituent carried by the bodily fluid. A carrier substrate of the device is constructed of a material having voids providing a high void volume within the substrate. The device is made by applying a chromagen to the carrier substrate to create a chromagen-laden carrier member. Then, a selected reagent having a particular constituent-specific formulation is applied to the chromagen-laden member. The selected reagent then combines with the chromagen thereby establishing the indicator formulation within the carrier substrate in place for reception of a sample of the bodily fluid.

Given the important role of protein kinases in pathways affecting cellular growth and invasion, we have analyzed 340 serine/threonine kinases for genetic mutations in colorectal cancers. Mutations in eight genes were identified, including three members of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway; the alterations in the latter genes each occurred in different tumors and did not overlap with mutations in PIK3CA or other non-serine-threonine kinase (STK) members of the PI3K pathway, suggesting that mutations in any of these genes had equivalent tumorigenic effects. These data demonstrate that the PI3K pathway is a major target for mutational activation in colorectal cancers and provide new opportunities for therapeutic intervention.

A device is disclosed for conducting a non-invasive analysis of a bodily fluid to determine the presence and level of a certain constituent carried by the bodily fluid. An indicator formulation of the device changes color in response to exposure to the constituent to provide a visible indication of the presence and level of the constituent carried by the bodily fluid. A carrier substrate of the device is constructed of a material having voids providing a high void volume within the substrate. The device is made by applying a chromagen to the carrier substrate to create a chromagen-laden carrier member. Then, a selected reagent having a particular constituent-specific formulation is applied to the chromagen-laden member. The selected reagent then combines with the chromagen thereby establishing the indicator formulation within the carrier substrate in place for reception of a sample of the bodily fluid.

Hyperuricemia has been studied extensively. However studies on salivary flow rate (SFR; ml/min) in unstimulated saliva (USS) and stimulated saliva (SS) conditions and oral dryness (OD) in subjects with hyperuricemia (HUS) have never been conducted. Current studies showed significantly decreased values in presence of OD (ODP) compared to absence of OD (ODA) in USS both for NUS (normouricemic subjects; p=0.0001) and HUS (p=0.0170). Furthermore, OD comparisons gave significantly decreased values in ODP compared to ODA in SS both for NUS (p=0.0049) and HUS (p=0.0444). In view of the significance in hyperuricemic subjects the flow rate of unstimulated saliva (USS) and stimulated saliva (SS) decreases significantly in hyperuricemic subjects with oral dryness present (ODP). Conclusively, it is suggested that the salivary digestion affected in hyperuricemia can be diagnosed by investigating the salivary composition and flow rate.

Hyperuricemia has been studied extensively. However studies on salivary flow rate (SFR; ml/min) in unstimulated saliva (USS) and stimulated saliva (SS) conditions and oral dryness (OD) in subjects with hyperuricemia (HUS) have never been conducted. Current studies showed significantly decreased values in presence of OD (ODP) compared to absence of OD (ODA) in USS both for NUS (normouricemic subjects; p=0.0001) and HUS (p=0.0170). Furthermore, OD comparisons gave significantly decreased values in ODP compared to ODA in SS both for NUS (p=0.0049) and HUS (p=0.0444). In view of the significance in hyperuricemic subjects the flow rate of unstimulated saliva (USS) and stimulated saliva (SS) decreases significantly in hyperuricemic subjects with oral dryness present (ODP). Conclusively, it is suggested that the salivary digestion affected in hyperuricemia can be diagnosed by investigating the salivary composition and flow rate.

The present invention relates, e.g., to in vitro method, using isolated protein reagents, for joining two double stranded (ds) DNA molecules of interest, wherein the distal region of the first DNA molecule and the proximal region of the second DNA molecule share a region of sequence identity, comprising contacting the two DNA molecules in a reaction mixture with (a) a non-processive 5 exonuclease; (b) a single stranded DNA binding protein (SSB) which accelerates nucleic acid annealing; (c) a non strand-displacing DNA polymerase; and (d) a ligase, under conditions effective to join the two DNA molecules to form an intact double stranded DNA molecule, in which a single copy of the region of sequence identity is retained. The method allows the joining of a number of DNA fragments, in a predetermined order and orientation, without the use of restriction enzymes.

The present invention relates, e.g., to in vitro method, using isolated protein reagents, for joining two double stranded (ds) DNA molecules of interest, wherein the distal region of the first DNA molecule and the proximal region of the second DNA molecule share a region of sequence identity, comprising contacting the two DNA molecules in a reaction mixture with (a) a non-processive 5 exonuclease; (b) a single stranded DNA binding protein (SSB) which accelerates nucleic acid annealing; (c) a non strand-displacing DNA polymerase; and (d) a ligase, under conditions effective to join the two DNA molecules to form an intact double stranded DNA molecule, in which a single copy of the region of sequence identity is retained. The method allows the joining of a number of DNA fragments, in a predetermined order and orientation, without the use of restriction enzymes.