The present invention relates to recombinant yeast, in which the productivity of ginsenoside is enhanced by overexpressing CPR5, PDI1, or ERO1 in yeast having the productivity of ginsenosides; a method for preparing the yeast; and a method for producing ginsenosides using the yeast.

Provided herein are genetically modified host cells, compositions, and methods for improved production of steviol glycosides. The host cells are genetically modified to contain a heterologous nucleic acid that expresses novel and optimized variants of UGT76G1. The host cell further contains one or more heterologous nucleotide sequence encoding further enzymes of a pathway capable of producing one or more steviol glycosides in the host cell. The host cells, compositions, and methods described herein provide an efficient route for the heterologous production of rebaudioside M.

Disclosed is a method for producing phycocyanobilin by use of a recombinant Escherichia coli that express heterologous heme oxygenase ho1 and ferredoxin oxidoreductase pcyA derived from Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. According to the present disclosure, heterologous expression of ho1 and pcyA genes leads to conversion of heme to an intermediate biliverdin for phycocyanobilin synthesis, and reduces the accumulation of biliverdin in the process of the phycocyanobilin synthesis. The genome of E. coli is further engineered to overexpress related genes of a metabolic pathway of phycocyanobilin, and a strain of recombinant E. coli with high yield of phycocyanobilin is obtained. The recombinant E. coli strain is cultured for 36 hr in a system using glycerol as a substrate, and the phycocyanobilin yield can reach 147 mg/L.

Methods and constructs are provided for controlling processes in live animals, plants or microbes via genetically engineered near-infrared light-activated or light-inactivated proteins including chimeras including the photosensory modules of bacteriohytochromes and output modules that possess enzymatic activity and/or ability to bind to DNA, RNA, protein, or small molecules. DNA encoding these proteins are introduced as genes into live animals, plants or microbes, where their activities can be turned on by near-infrared light, controlled by the intensity of light, and turned off by near-infrared light of a different wavelength than the activating light. These proteins can regulate diverse cellular processes with high spatial and temporal precision, in a nontoxic manner, often using external light sources. For example, near-infrared light-activated proteins possessing nucleotidyl cyclase, protein kinase, protease, DNA-binding and RNA-binding activities are useful to control signal transduction, cell apoptosis, proliferation, adhesion, differentiation and other cell processes.

The disclosure provides compositions and methods related to engineered microbial cells, enzymes, and methods for producing dammarenediol, as well as compounds derived from dammarenediol. Microbial host cells are engineered to express a heterologous biosynthetic pathway that produces dammarenediol, or a derivative thereof. The host cell can optionally express a heterologous uridine diphosphate-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) enzyme producing natural or non-natural glycosylated forms of dammarenediol, protopanaxadiol or protopanaxatriol.

Generally, the present disclosure contemplates engineered vectors, organisms (e.g., bacteria or bacteriophage) containing the same, and methods for treating the gut of mammalian species by providing the organism containing the engineered vector to the gut of a mammal. Example engineered organisms can include one or more genes isolated from microbial populations for promoting isoflavone metabolism.

The present invention relates to a recombinant microorganism which is modified to be capable of producing diosmin and hesperidin and to the use thereof for producing diosmin and/or hesperidin.

Disclosed herein are recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors expressing 21-hydroxylase (21OH) protein and related uses for treating 21OH deficiency.

Provided herein are compositions and methods for expressing a polynucleotide of interest in a plant or plant part. Compositions include promoter molecules that initiate spatio-temporal expression of polynucleotides of interest, and DNA constructs comprising the promoter molecule operably linked to one or more polynucleotides of interest. Plants and plant parts comprising the compositions or produced according to the methods are also provided.

Provided herein are compositions and methods for improved production of steviol glycosides in a host cell. In some embodiments, the host cell is genetically modified to comprise a heterologous nucleotide sequence encoding a Stevia rebaudiana kaurenoic acid hydroxylase. In some embodiments, the host cell further comprises one or more heterologous nucleotide sequence encoding further enzymes of a pathway capable of producing one or more steviol glycosides in the host cell. The compositions and methods described herein provide an efficient route for the heterologous production of steviol glycosides, including but not limited to, rebaudioside D and rebaudioside M.