Provided herein are methods for modulating the psilocybin biosynthesis pathway in fungi or other organisms. Also provided are genetically modified fungi and organisms with induced and/or increased expression of psilocybin and psilocin and psilocybin and/or psilocin compositions generated by the provided methods.

The present invention relates to a use for, by using the protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) protein or a gene encoding the same, preventing or treating a neuromuscular disease induced by motor neurons, particularly, damage to motor neurons caused by oxidative stress in the neuromuscular junction; and a method for screening a candidate material for activating the expression of PRMT1. PRMT1 deficiency in the motor nerve or neuromuscular junction induces aggravated degenerative motor nerve damage caused by aging, and DNA damage caused by oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby enabling the induction of neuromuscular disease, and thus the disease may be treated through the overexpression and activity of the PRMT1 protein and a gene encoding the same.

The present invention relates to microbial factories, in particular yeast factories, for production of ergothioneine. Also provided are methods for producing ergothioneine in a yeast cell, as well as useful nucleic acids, polypeptides, vectors and host cells.

Provided is a method for detecting the chemical modification of a target RNA site X, comprising the steps as follows: (1) acquiring an RNA sample and selecting in the RNA sample a target RNA segment comprising the target RNA site X; (2) SELECT; (3) PCR amplification; (4) comprising the PCR cycle threshold value with a reference PCR cycle threshold value, or comparing the PCR amplification product quantity with a reference PCR amplification product quantity, so as to determine whether there is a target chemical modification in the target RNA site X. Further provided are a method for identifying a substrate target site of RNA modification enzyme or RNA demodification enzyme and a method for quantifying an RNA modification rate in a transcript.

The present disclosure relates to a microorganism for producing a mycosporine-like amino acid, and a method for producing a mycosporine-like amino acid using the microorganism. The microorganism of the present disclosure shows an improved ability for producing a mycosporine-like amino acid and thus can be effectively used in the production of a mycosporine-like amino acid.

The present disclosure provides KMT2A-MAML2 fusion nucleic acid molecules, and KMT2A-MAML2 fusion polypeptides, as well as methods, kits and reagents for detecting such KMT2A-MAML2 fusion nucleic acid molecules and KMT2A-MAML2 fusion polypeptides. The disclosure also provides methods for evaluating, identifying, assessing, and/or treating an individual having a cancer, such an epithelial neoplasm or a thymoma.

Methods and constructs for RNA-guided targeting of heterologous functional domains such as transcriptional activators to specific genomic loci.

Provided herein are compositions and methods related to the production and detection of a histone H1.0 protein dimethylated at lysine residue 180 (K180) (H1.0K180me2 protein) or a histone H1.0 peptide dimethylated at a lysine residue corresponding to K180 (H1.0K180me2 peptides). The H1.0K180me2 protein and H1.0K180me2 peptides are useful for applications including, but not limited to, molecular diagnostics of DNA damage, genotoxic stress, radiation exposure, and Alzheimer's disease, therapeutics, monitoring of therapeutic regimens, patient stratification, and drug screening. Also provided herein are antibodies specific for the H1.0K180me2 protein and H1.0K180me2 peptides.

Many studies have shown that CRISPR-Cas nucleases can tolerate up to five mismatches and still cleave; it is hard to predict the effects of any given single or combination of mismatches on activity. Taken together, these nucleases can show significant off-target effects but it can be challenging to predict these sites. Described herein are methods for increasing the specificity of genome editing using the CRISPR/Cas system, e.g., using RNA-guided FokI Nucleases (RFNs), e.g., FokI-Cas9 or FokI-dCas9-based fusion proteins.

A method for conferring tolerance to a 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitor herbicide in a plant by expressing one or more polypeptide components of an exogenous plastoquinone-9 pathway in the plant. Nucleic acids, vectors, transgenic cells and transgenic plants useful in such a method are also disclosed.