Patent classifications
C21C5/02
Heat containment apparatus
A heat containment apparatus may include a housing having an access gap, the housing being formed of an insulating material. Alternatively, a heat containment apparatus includes a housing being an expandable structure having an access gap, the housing including an insulating material. Heat containment apparatuses may be used in conjunction with performing high temperature operations and/or low temperature operations to at least portions of substrates contained therein.
Methods of making paper and paper with modified cellulose pulps
The present invention relates to an improved process for producing chemical cellulose pulp wherein biopolymers are added immediately before, during or after a bleaching step, depending on pulp characteristics and on process conditions used. The biopolymers according to the present invention are starches chemically modified by an etherification reaction. This treatment results in a differentiated pulp having improved physical, chemical and mechanical properties when compared with cellulose pulps obtained by traditional processes. The use of said biopolymer alters the relations between important pulp properties rendering their application in papermaking process advantageous. This differentiation increases the possibilities of use and also of new applications, including for the substitution of pulps produced from other cellulose sources. Thus, the present invention also relates to methods of making paper, such as printing, writing, decorative, special or tissue-type papers, through the use of the cellulose pulps modified by the above process.