A high-silicon steel strip is manufactured. A basic configuration includes partition plates arranged in the longitudinal direction of a furnace to extend from a position in the vicinity of respective gas nozzles to be in parallel to the pass line of the steel strip, and obstacles arranged to face partition-plate rear edges in the longitudinal direction of the furnace to obstruct the flow of the gas along the steel strip so that siliconizing spaces surrounded by the steel strip, the partition plates, and the obstacles are formed; and gaps between the partition-plate rear edges and the obstacles and so forth which form exhaust passages through which gas is discharged from the siliconizing spaces to other spaces inside the furnace so that treatment gas which has been sprayed from the gas nozzles onto a surface of the steel strip to flow through the siliconizing spaces is discharged through the exhaust passages.

A composition of matter includes a substrate material (M) having a bulk portion and an outer surface integrated to the bulk portion. The outer surface includes a modified surface layer. The modified surface layer extends to a depth from the outer surface of at least 1 nm. The modified surface layer includes M and at least one other material (X) which is a metal or metal alloy. The modified surface layer has a 25 C. electrical conductivity which is at least 2.5% above or below a 25 C. electrical conductivity in the bulk portion of M. The composition of matter can be an article that includes a frequency selective surface-based metamaterial, and the plurality of modified surface portions can be a plurality of periodic surface elements that provide a resonant frequency.

A composition of matter includes a substrate material (M) having a bulk portion and an outer surface integrated to the bulk portion. The outer surface includes a modified surface layer. The modified surface layer extends to a depth from the outer surface of at least 1 nm. The modified surface layer includes M and at least one other material (X) which is a metal or metal alloy. The modified surface layer has a 25 C. electrical conductivity which is at least 2.5% above or below a 25 C. electrical conductivity in the bulk portion of M. The composition of matter can be an article that includes a frequency selective surface-based metamaterial, and the plurality of modified surface portions can be a plurality of periodic surface elements that provide a resonant frequency.

An elongated hollow component includes a body extending from a first end to a second end and defining a longitudinal axis. The body includes a plurality of layers each circumscribing the longitudinal axis. The plurality of layers include a base layer formed of a first steel material, an inner surface layer formed of a second steel material and coupled directly to the base layer such that the base layer circumscribes the inner surface layer and the inner surface layer is exposed to an interior cavity of the elongated hollow component. An outer surface layer formed of the second steel material is coupled directly to the base layer such that the outer surface layer circumscribes the base layer. The first steel material has a chromium content of less than 10.5% by mass and the second steel material has a chromium content of at least 10.5% by mass.

An elongated hollow component includes a body extending from a first end to a second end and defining a longitudinal axis. The body includes a plurality of layers each circumscribing the longitudinal axis. The plurality of layers include a base layer formed of a first steel material, an inner surface layer formed of a second steel material and coupled directly to the base layer such that the base layer circumscribes the inner surface layer and the inner surface layer is exposed to an interior cavity of the elongated hollow component. An outer surface layer formed of the second steel material is coupled directly to the base layer such that the outer surface layer circumscribes the base layer. The first steel material has a chromium content of less than 10.5% by mass and the second steel material has a chromium content of at least 10.5% by mass.

A nickel-plated heat-treated steel sheet for a battery can, having a nickel layer with a nickel amount of 4.4 to 26.7 g/m.sup.2 on a steel sheet. When the Fe intensity and the Ni intensity are continuously measured along the depth direction from the surface of the nickel-plated heat-treated steel sheet for a battery can, by using a high frequency glow discharge optical emission spectrometric analyzer, the difference between the depth at which the Fe intensity exhibits a first predetermined value and the depth at which the Ni intensity exhibits a second predetermined value is less than 0.04 m.

A nickel-plated heat-treated steel sheet for a battery can, having a nickel layer with a nickel amount of 4.4 to 26.7 g/m.sup.2 on a steel sheet. When the Fe intensity and the Ni intensity are continuously measured along the depth direction from the surface of the nickel-plated heat-treated steel sheet for a battery can, by using a high frequency glow discharge optical emission spectrometric analyzer, the difference between the depth at which the Fe intensity exhibits a first predetermined value and the depth at which the Ni intensity exhibits a second predetermined value is less than 0.04 m.

An arrangement comprising a component (203) adjacent to a ceramic matrix composite in a gas turbine engine is shown. The component comprises a nickel-base superalloy substrate (301) and a cobalt-modified beta-nickel-aluminide coating (302) on the substrate to prevent interdiffusion between the substrate and the ceramic matrix composite. The substrate is coated by depositing a cobalt layer on the substrate, depositing an aluminium layer on the cobalt layer and then forming a cobalt-modified beta nickel aluminide coating.

An arrangement comprising a component (203) adjacent to a ceramic matrix composite in a gas turbine engine is shown. The component comprises a nickel-base superalloy substrate (301) and a cobalt-modified beta-nickel-aluminide coating (302) on the substrate to prevent interdiffusion between the substrate and the ceramic matrix composite. The substrate is coated by depositing a cobalt layer on the substrate, depositing an aluminium layer on the cobalt layer and then forming a cobalt-modified beta nickel aluminide coating.

A TiAl alloy member for hot forging includes a substrate made of TiAl alloy, and an Al layer formed on a surface of the substrate, the Al layer containing Al as a main constituent and containing Ti.