Described herein are aluminum alloy products for packaging and/or producing a beverage. The aluminum alloy products include beverage capsules. The aluminum alloy products can include a 3xxx series aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy products can include at least 50 wt. % recycled aluminum. Also described herein are methods for processing the aluminum alloys to produce beverage capsules and other packaging products.

This invention is related to a process for purification of metallic objects comprising an oil-adsorbing step in the presence of a liquid and a layer silicate component.

According to the invention, the compositions and methods provide for the complete removal of labels, synthetic glues and/or adhesives from a plurality of surfaces through the use of an aqueous or non-aqueous basic organic solvent and/or an amidine, optionally in combination with surfactants, chelants, acidulants and/or additional bottle wash additives. Beneficially, the compositions and methods are suitable for use at lower temperatures and pH conditions, along with under caustic-free and/or reduced caustic conditions to effectively remove such labels, synthetic glues and/or adhesives from a surface within less than about 30 minutes.

An aqueous synthetic acid composition for use in oil industry activities comprises lysine and hydrogen chloride in a molar ratio ranging from 1:3 to 1:12.5, preferably from more than 1:5 to 1:8.5. The composition can also further comprise a metal iodide or iodate; an alcohol or derivative thereof. The composition demonstrates advantageous properties over known synthetic acids at temperatures above 90° C. The composition is useful in various oil and gas industry operations. Preferred embodiments of the composition provide substantial advantages in matrix acidizing by increasing the effectiveness of wormholing as compared to conventional mineral acids such as HC1.

An aqueous synthetic acid composition for use in oil industry activities comprises lysine and hydrogen chloride in a molar ratio ranging from 1:3 to 1:12.5, preferably from more than 1:5 to 1:8.5. The composition can also further comprise a metal iodide or iodate; an alcohol or derivative thereof. The composition demonstrates advantageous properties over known synthetic acids at temperatures above 90° C. The composition is useful in various oil and gas industry operations. Preferred embodiments of the composition provide substantial advantages in matrix acidizing by increasing the effectiveness of wormholing as compared to conventional mineral acids such as HC1.

A metal resist remover containing a solvent and a strong acid that is liquid at 20° C., in which a pH value, which is measured with a pH meter, of a liquid formed by subjecting the cleaning liquid to a 10-fold dilution with pure water is 2.5 or less.

A metal resist remover containing a solvent and a strong acid that is liquid at 20° C., in which a pH value, which is measured with a pH meter, of a liquid formed by subjecting the cleaning liquid to a 10-fold dilution with pure water is 2.5 or less.

An aqueous cleaning solution for removing rouging deposits on media-contacted surfaces of stainless steels comprises a first component and a second component. The first component is an alkali sulfite and the second component is an alkali formate, wherein the concentrations thereof are adjusted in such manner that formate is present in a molar ratio of 1.5 to 4.2 relative to sulfite, and that the pH value of the cleaning solution is 4.0 to 4.8. For preparing the aqueous cleaning solution, an aqueous solution of an alkali hydroxide is provided initially, thereafter a first amount of concentrated aqueous formic acid is admixed in an excess in such manner that a pH value of 3.5 to 4.5 is established, then a second amount of solid alkali sulfite is admixed in accordance with the sulfite concentration to be established, thus resulting in a pH value of 5.5 to 6.5, and finally a third amount of concentrated aqueous formic acid is admixed until a pH value of 4.0 to 4.8 is attained.

An aqueous cleaning solution for removing rouging deposits on media-contacted surfaces of stainless steels comprises a first component and a second component. The first component is an alkali sulfite and the second component is an alkali formate, wherein the concentrations thereof are adjusted in such manner that formate is present in a molar ratio of 1.5 to 4.2 relative to sulfite, and that the pH value of the cleaning solution is 4.0 to 4.8. For preparing the aqueous cleaning solution, an aqueous solution of an alkali hydroxide is provided initially, thereafter a first amount of concentrated aqueous formic acid is admixed in an excess in such manner that a pH value of 3.5 to 4.5 is established, then a second amount of solid alkali sulfite is admixed in accordance with the sulfite concentration to be established, thus resulting in a pH value of 5.5 to 6.5, and finally a third amount of concentrated aqueous formic acid is admixed until a pH value of 4.0 to 4.8 is attained.

A method for passivating substrate surfaces by removing surface contaminants. The method can remove impurities and components from the surface of a substrate to prevent corrosion and undesirable chemical activity. The method further provides an optimized surface for the application of protective barrier coatings. The method provides significant cost savings due to increased life of substrate, reduced maintenance, and superior barrier coating performance.